CHASM: add panic wrapper for library logic

[yycptt]

What changed?

• Add panic wrapper for library logic
• Also provides a logger through the Context interface

Why?

• Capture panic error so that it's easier to tell where the panic actually happens. Otherwise a panic can cause another panic in some unrelated deferred function making debugging harder.

How did you test it?

• built
• run locally and tested manually
• covered by existing tests
• added new unit test(s)
• added new functional test(s)

[lina-temporal]

Nice cleanup on these!