Add Python 3.14 support

[MaxGhenis]

Summary

• Add Python 3.14 to package classifiers and set python_requires >= 3.11 (dropping 3.10)
• Update CI workflow Python versions from 3.11 to 3.12
• Update Docker base images from python:3.11 to python:3.12
• Remove stale faiss-cpu<1.8.0 version pin (all current releases are >= 1.8)
• Replace pre-built Docker container in test job with setup-python + redis (the old container used Python 3.10, incompatible with python_requires >= 3.11)
• Update stale test_utah expected values for policyengine_us 1.562.3
• Add .python-version file for 3.14

Follows policyengine-core's recent Python 3.14 support merge. PyTables 3.11.0 now ships wheels for 3.14.

Fixes #2822

[MaxGhenis]

Status Update

Python 3.14 was released on October 7, 2025. CI tests are currently failing because h5py doesn't have Python 3.14 wheels yet.

Current Situation

• h5py has Python 3.14 wheels in nightly builds
• Stable release (h5py 3.15) is being planned (issue #2651)
• Building h5py from source is failing on Python 3.14

Next Steps

This PR will remain in draft status until h5py 3.15 is released on PyPI. Once that happens, CI should pass and the PR can be marked ready for review.

Tracking: h5py/h5py#2713

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 70.10%. Comparing base (1957e8e) to head (1e18234).
⚠️ Report is 13 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #2828      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   70.76%   70.10%   -0.67%     
==========================================
  Files          56       56              
  Lines        2398     2398              
  Branches      341      419      +78     
==========================================
- Hits         1697     1681      -16     
  Misses        641      641              
- Partials       60       76      +16     

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