diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/CostHistoryChartMenuView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/CostHistoryChartMenuView.swift
index c7f81ad61..c9162a204 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/CostHistoryChartMenuView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/CostHistoryChartMenuView.swift
@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@ struct CostHistoryChartMenuView: View {
         let model = Self.makeModel(provider: self.provider, daily: self.daily)
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
             if model.points.isEmpty {
-                Text("No cost history data.")
+                Text(L("No cost history data."))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                    .accessibilityLabel("No cost history data available.")
+                    .accessibilityLabel(L("No cost history data available."))
             } else {
                 Chart {
                     ForEach(model.points) { point in
@@ -82,8 +82,10 @@ struct CostHistoryChartMenuView: View {
                 }
                 .chartLegend(.hidden)
                 .frame(height: 130)
-                .accessibilityLabel("Cost history chart")
-                .accessibilityValue(model.points.isEmpty ? "No data" : "\(model.points.count) days of cost data")
+                .accessibilityLabel(L("Cost history chart"))
+                .accessibilityValue(model.points.isEmpty ? L("No data") : String(
+                    format: L("%@ days of cost data"),
+                    "\(model.points.count)"))
                 .chartOverlay { proxy in
                     GeometryReader { geo in
                         ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ struct CostHistoryChartMenuView: View {
             }
 
             if let total = self.totalCostUSD {
-                Text("Est. total (30d): \(UsageFormatter.usdString(total))")
+                Text(String(format: L("Est. total (30d): %@"), UsageFormatter.usdString(total)))
                     .font(.caption)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .lineLimit(1)
@@ -354,13 +356,13 @@ struct CostHistoryChartMenuView: View {
               let point = model.pointsByDateKey[key],
               let date = Self.dateFromDayKey(key)
         else {
-            return DetailContent(primary: "Hover a bar for details", rows: [])
+            return DetailContent(primary: L("Hover a bar for details"), rows: [])
         }
 
         let dayLabel = date.formatted(.dateTime.month(.abbreviated).day())
         let cost = UsageFormatter.usdString(point.costUSD)
         let primary = if let tokens = point.totalTokens {
-            "\(dayLabel): \(cost) · \(UsageFormatter.tokenCountString(tokens)) tokens"
+            String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ · %3$@ tokens"), dayLabel, cost, UsageFormatter.tokenCountString(tokens))
         } else {
             "\(dayLabel): \(cost)"
         }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/CreditsHistoryChartMenuView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/CreditsHistoryChartMenuView.swift
index a746251bb..304d58dd4 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/CreditsHistoryChartMenuView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/CreditsHistoryChartMenuView.swift
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ struct CreditsHistoryChartMenuView: View {
         let model = Self.makeModel(from: self.breakdown)
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
             if model.points.isEmpty {
-                Text("No credits history data.")
+                Text(L("No credits history data."))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                    .accessibilityLabel("No credits history data available.")
+                    .accessibilityLabel(L("No credits history data available."))
             } else {
                 Chart {
                     ForEach(model.points) { point in
@@ -62,8 +62,10 @@ struct CreditsHistoryChartMenuView: View {
                 }
                 .chartLegend(.hidden)
                 .frame(height: 130)
-                .accessibilityLabel("Credits history chart")
-                .accessibilityValue(model.points.isEmpty ? "No data" : "\(model.points.count) days of credits data")
+                .accessibilityLabel(L("Credits history chart"))
+                .accessibilityValue(model.points.isEmpty ? L("No data") : String(
+                    format: L("%@ days of credits data"),
+                    "\(model.points.count)"))
                 .chartOverlay { proxy in
                     GeometryReader { geo in
                         ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
@@ -101,7 +103,9 @@ struct CreditsHistoryChartMenuView: View {
                 }
 
                 if let total = model.totalCreditsUsed {
-                    Text("Total (30d): \(total.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))) credits")
+                    Text(String(
+                        format: L("Total (30d): %@ credits"),
+                        total.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))))
                         .font(.caption)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                 }
@@ -302,17 +306,17 @@ struct CreditsHistoryChartMenuView: View {
               let day = model.breakdownByDayKey[key],
               let date = Self.dateFromDayKey(key)
         else {
-            return ("Hover a bar for details", nil)
+            return (L("Hover a bar for details"), nil)
         }
 
         let dayLabel = date.formatted(.dateTime.month(.abbreviated).day())
         let total = day.totalCreditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))
         if day.services.isEmpty {
-            return ("\(dayLabel): \(total) credits", nil)
+            return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ credits"), dayLabel, total), nil)
         }
         if day.services.count <= 1, let first = day.services.first {
             let used = first.creditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))
-            return ("\(dayLabel): \(used) credits", first.service)
+            return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ credits"), dayLabel, used), first.service)
         }
 
         let services = day.services
@@ -324,6 +328,6 @@ struct CreditsHistoryChartMenuView: View {
             .map { "\($0.service) \($0.creditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2))))" }
             .joined(separator: " · ")
 
-        return ("\(dayLabel): \(total) credits", services)
+        return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ credits"), dayLabel, total), services)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/CursorLoginRunner.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/CursorLoginRunner.swift
index d7e667002..4e5dbe9f0 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/CursorLoginRunner.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/CursorLoginRunner.swift
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ final class CursorLoginRunner {
         await self.resetSessionCache()
 
         guard self.openURL(Self.authURL) else {
-            let message = "Could not open Cursor login in your browser."
+            let message = L("Could not open Cursor login in your browser.")
             onPhaseChange(.failed(message))
             self.logger.error("Cursor login browser launch failed")
             return Result(outcome: .failed(message), email: nil)
@@ -103,10 +103,13 @@ final class CursorLoginRunner {
     }
 
     private static func timeoutMessage(lastError: Error?) -> String {
-        let hint = "Sign in to cursor.com in your browser, then refresh Cursor in CodexBar."
+        let hint = L("Sign in to cursor.com in your browser, then refresh Cursor in CodexBar.")
         guard let lastError else {
-            return "Timed out waiting for Cursor login. \(hint)"
+            return String(format: L("Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@"), hint)
         }
-        return "Timed out waiting for Cursor login. \(hint) Last error: \(lastError.localizedDescription)"
+        return String(
+            format: L("Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@ Last error: %@"),
+            hint,
+            lastError.localizedDescription)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Date+RelativeDescription.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Date+RelativeDescription.swift
index cb3c4f59e..de5b07ea7 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Date+RelativeDescription.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Date+RelativeDescription.swift
@@ -1,22 +1,16 @@
 import Foundation
 
-enum RelativeTimeFormatters {
-    @MainActor
-    static let full: RelativeDateTimeFormatter = {
-        let formatter = RelativeDateTimeFormatter()
-        formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US")
-        formatter.unitsStyle = .full
-        return formatter
-    }()
-}
-
 extension Date {
     @MainActor
     func relativeDescription(now: Date = .now) -> String {
         let seconds = abs(now.timeIntervalSince(self))
         if seconds < 15 {
-            return "just now"
+            return L("just now")
         }
-        return RelativeTimeFormatters.full.localizedString(for: self, relativeTo: now)
+
+        let formatter = RelativeDateTimeFormatter()
+        formatter.locale = codexBarLocalizationLocale()
+        formatter.unitsStyle = .full
+        return formatter.localizedString(for: self, relativeTo: now)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/KeychainPromptCoordinator.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/KeychainPromptCoordinator.swift
index abbeb0caa..65c2e67d3 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/KeychainPromptCoordinator.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/KeychainPromptCoordinator.swift
@@ -22,96 +22,62 @@ enum KeychainPromptCoordinator {
     }
 
     private static func presentBrowserCookiePrompt(_ context: BrowserCookieKeychainPromptContext) {
-        let title = "Keychain Access Required"
-        let message = [
-            "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for “\(context.label)” so it can decrypt browser cookies",
-            "and authenticate your account. Click OK to continue.",
-        ].joined(separator: " ")
+        let title = L("Keychain Access Required")
+        let messageTemplate = L(
+            "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for “%@” so it can decrypt browser cookies " +
+                "and authenticate your account. Click OK to continue.")
+        let message = String(
+            format: messageTemplate,
+            context.label)
         self.log.info("Browser cookie keychain prompt requested", metadata: ["label": context.label])
         self.presentAlert(title: title, message: message)
     }
 
     private static func keychainCopy(for context: KeychainPromptContext) -> (title: String, message: String) {
-        let title = "Keychain Access Required"
+        let title = L("Keychain Access Required")
         switch context.kind {
         case .claudeOAuth:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for the Claude Code OAuth token",
-                "so it can fetch your Claude usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "the Claude Code OAuth token", purpose: "your Claude usage"))
         case .codexCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your OpenAI cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch Codex dashboard extras. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (
+                title,
+                self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your OpenAI cookie header", purpose: "Codex dashboard extras"))
         case .claudeCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Claude cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch Claude web usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Claude cookie header", purpose: "Claude web usage"))
         case .cursorCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Cursor cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Cursor cookie header"))
         case .opencodeCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your OpenCode cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your OpenCode cookie header"))
         case .factoryCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Factory cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Factory cookie header"))
         case .zaiToken:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your z.ai API token",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your z.ai API token"))
         case .syntheticToken:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Synthetic API key",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Synthetic API key"))
         case .copilotToken:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your GitHub Copilot token",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your GitHub Copilot token"))
         case .kimiToken:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Kimi auth token",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Kimi auth token"))
         case .kimiK2Token:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Kimi K2 API key",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Kimi K2 API key"))
         case .minimaxCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your MiniMax cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your MiniMax cookie header"))
         case .minimaxToken:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your MiniMax API token",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your MiniMax API token"))
         case .augmentCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Augment cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Augment cookie header"))
         case .ampCookie:
-            return (title, [
-                "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for your Amp cookie header",
-                "so it can fetch usage. Click OK to continue.",
-            ].joined(separator: " "))
+            return (title, self.keychainFetchMessage(item: "your Amp cookie header"))
         }
     }
 
+    private static func keychainFetchMessage(item: String, purpose: String = "usage") -> String {
+        String(
+            format: L("CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for %@ so it can fetch %@. Click OK to continue."),
+            L(item),
+            L(purpose))
+    }
+
     private static func presentAlert(title: String, message: String) {
         self.promptLock.lock()
         defer { self.promptLock.unlock() }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Localization.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Localization.swift
index fddd82b72..eac9b8f47 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Localization.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Localization.swift
@@ -58,6 +58,14 @@ private func localizedBundle() -> Bundle {
     return resourceBundle
 }
 
+func codexBarLocalizationLocale() -> Locale {
+    let language = appLanguageDefaults().string(forKey: "appLanguage") ?? ""
+    if !language.isEmpty {
+        return Locale(identifier: language)
+    }
+    return .autoupdatingCurrent
+}
+
 private func lprojBundle(named language: String, in resourceBundle: Bundle) -> Bundle? {
     let candidates = [language, language.lowercased()]
     for candidate in candidates where !candidate.isEmpty {
@@ -70,10 +78,26 @@ private func lprojBundle(named language: String, in resourceBundle: Bundle) -> B
     return nil
 }
 
+private func localizedString(for key: String) -> String {
+    let bundle = localizedBundle()
+    let value = bundle.localizedString(forKey: key, value: nil, table: nil)
+    guard value == key else { return value }
+
+    let resourceBundle = codexBarLocalizationResourceBundle()
+    guard bundle.bundleURL.lastPathComponent != "en.lproj",
+          let englishBundle = lprojBundle(named: "en", in: resourceBundle)
+    else {
+        return value
+    }
+
+    let fallback = englishBundle.localizedString(forKey: key, value: nil, table: nil)
+    return fallback == key ? value : fallback
+}
+
 func L(_ key: String) -> String {
-    localizedBundle().localizedString(forKey: key, value: nil, table: nil)
+    localizedString(for: key)
 }
 
 func L(_ key: String, _ arguments: CVarArg...) -> String {
-    String(format: localizedBundle().localizedString(forKey: key, value: nil, table: nil), arguments: arguments)
+    String(format: localizedString(for: key), arguments: arguments)
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedProviderText.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedProviderText.swift
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1d491484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedProviderText.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum LocalizedProviderText {
+    static func sourceLabel(_ raw: String) -> String {
+        raw.split(separator: "+", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
+            .map { self.sourceComponent(String($0)) }
+            .joined(separator: " + ")
+    }
+
+    static func statusText(_ status: ProviderStatus) -> String {
+        if status.indicator == .none {
+            return status.indicator.label
+        }
+
+        guard let description = status.description?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines),
+              !description.isEmpty
+        else {
+            return status.indicator.label
+        }
+        return L(description)
+    }
+
+    private static func sourceComponent(_ raw: String) -> String {
+        let trimmed = raw.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        switch trimmed.lowercased() {
+        case "api":
+            return L("source_api")
+        case "auto":
+            return L("source_auto")
+        case "cached":
+            return L("source_cached")
+        case "claude":
+            return L("source_claude_cli")
+        case "cli":
+            return L("source_cli")
+        case "codex-cli":
+            return L("source_codex_cli")
+        case "local":
+            return L("source_local")
+        case "login":
+            return L("source_login")
+        case "manual":
+            return L("source_manual")
+        case "manual cookie header":
+            return L("source_manual_cookie_header")
+        case "oauth":
+            return L("source_oauth")
+        case "oauth-api":
+            return L("source_oauth_api")
+        case "off":
+            return L("source_off")
+        case "openai-web":
+            return L("source_openai_web")
+        case "web":
+            return L("source_web")
+        case "windsurf-web":
+            return L("source_windsurf_web")
+        default:
+            return L(trimmed)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedUsageText.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedUsageText.swift
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be7ae20d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/LocalizedUsageText.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+import CodexBarCore
+import Foundation
+
+enum LocalizedUsageText {
+    static func usageLine(remaining: Double, used: Double, showUsed: Bool) -> String {
+        let percent = showUsed ? used : remaining
+        let clamped = min(100, max(0, percent))
+        let suffix = showUsed ? L("used") : L("left")
+        return String(format: "%.0f%% %@", clamped, suffix)
+    }
+
+    static func resetLine(
+        for window: RateWindow,
+        style: ResetTimeDisplayStyle,
+        now: Date = .init()) -> String?
+    {
+        if let date = window.resetsAt {
+            let text = style == .countdown
+                ? self.resetCountdownDescription(from: date, now: now)
+                : self.resetDescription(from: date, now: now)
+            return String(format: L("Resets %@"), text)
+        }
+
+        if let desc = window.resetDescription {
+            let trimmed = desc.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+            guard !trimmed.isEmpty else { return nil }
+            if trimmed.lowercased().hasPrefix("resets") {
+                let suffix = trimmed.dropFirst("resets".count).trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+                guard !suffix.isEmpty else { return L("Resets") }
+                return String(format: L("Resets %@"), suffix)
+            }
+            return String(format: L("Resets %@"), trimmed)
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+
+    static func updatedString(from date: Date, now: Date = .init()) -> String {
+        let delta = now.timeIntervalSince(date)
+        if abs(delta) < 60 {
+            return L("Updated just now")
+        }
+
+        if let hours = Calendar.current.dateComponents([.hour], from: date, to: now).hour, hours < 24 {
+            let rel = RelativeDateTimeFormatter()
+            rel.locale = codexBarLocalizationLocale()
+            rel.unitsStyle = .abbreviated
+            return String(format: L("Updated %@"), rel.localizedString(for: date, relativeTo: now))
+        }
+
+        return String(format: L("Updated %@"), self.formattedTime(date))
+    }
+
+    static func creditsString(from value: Double) -> String {
+        let number = NumberFormatter()
+        number.numberStyle = .decimal
+        number.maximumFractionDigits = 2
+        number.locale = codexBarLocalizationLocale()
+        let formatted = number.string(from: NSNumber(value: value)) ?? String(format: "%.2f", value)
+        return String(format: L("%@ left"), formatted)
+    }
+
+    static func creditEventSummary(_ event: CreditEvent) -> String {
+        let formatter = DateFormatter()
+        formatter.dateStyle = .medium
+        formatter.locale = codexBarLocalizationLocale()
+
+        let number = NumberFormatter()
+        number.numberStyle = .decimal
+        number.maximumFractionDigits = 2
+        number.locale = codexBarLocalizationLocale()
+
+        let credits = number.string(from: NSNumber(value: event.creditsUsed)) ?? "0"
+        return String(
+            format: L("%1$@ · %2$@ · %3$@ credits"),
+            formatter.string(from: event.date),
+            event.service,
+            credits)
+    }
+
+    static func resetCountdownDescription(from date: Date, now: Date = .init()) -> String {
+        let seconds = max(0, date.timeIntervalSince(now))
+        if seconds < 1 { return L("now") }
+
+        let totalMinutes = max(1, Int(ceil(seconds / 60.0)))
+        let days = totalMinutes / (24 * 60)
+        let hours = (totalMinutes / 60) % 24
+        let minutes = totalMinutes % 60
+
+        if days > 0 {
+            if hours > 0 { return String(format: L("in %1$d d %2$d h"), days, hours) }
+            return String(format: L("in %d d"), days)
+        }
+        if hours > 0 {
+            if minutes > 0 { return String(format: L("in %1$d h %2$d m"), hours, minutes) }
+            return String(format: L("in %d h"), hours)
+        }
+        return String(format: L("in %d m"), totalMinutes)
+    }
+
+    static func resetDescription(from date: Date, now: Date = .init()) -> String {
+        let calendar = Calendar.current
+        if calendar.isDate(date, inSameDayAs: now) {
+            return self.formattedTime(date)
+        }
+        if let tomorrow = calendar.date(byAdding: .day, value: 1, to: now),
+           calendar.isDate(date, inSameDayAs: tomorrow)
+        {
+            return String(format: L("tomorrow, %@"), self.formattedTime(date))
+        }
+        return date.formatted(
+            Date.FormatStyle()
+                .month(.abbreviated)
+                .day()
+                .hour()
+                .minute()
+                .locale(codexBarLocalizationLocale()))
+    }
+
+    private static func formattedTime(_ date: Date) -> String {
+        date.formatted(
+            Date.FormatStyle()
+                .hour()
+                .minute()
+                .locale(codexBarLocalizationLocale()))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+Costs.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+Costs.swift
index a139f2c2a..9340aa6f3 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+Costs.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+Costs.swift
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
     {
         guard metadata.supportsCredits else { return nil }
         if let credits {
-            return UsageFormatter.creditsString(from: credits.remaining)
+            return LocalizedUsageText.creditsString(from: credits.remaining)
         }
         if let error, !error.isEmpty {
             return error.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
             if provider == .bedrock {
                 let label = Self.bedrockLatestBillingDayLabel(from: snapshot)
                 if let sessionTokens {
-                    return "\(label): \(sessionCost) · \(sessionTokens) tokens"
+                    return String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ · %3$@ tokens"), label, sessionCost, sessionTokens)
                 }
-                return "\(label): \(sessionCost)"
+                return String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@"), label, sessionCost)
             }
             if let sessionTokens {
-                return "Today: \(sessionCost) · \(sessionTokens) tokens"
+                return String(format: L("Today: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens"), sessionCost, sessionTokens)
             }
-            return "Today: \(sessionCost)"
+            return String(format: L("Today: %@"), sessionCost)
         }()
 
         let monthCost = snapshot.last30DaysCostUSD.map { UsageFormatter.usdString($0) } ?? "—"
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
         let monthTokens = monthTokensValue.map { UsageFormatter.tokenCountString($0) }
         let monthLine: String = {
             if let monthTokens {
-                return "Last 30 days: \(monthCost) · \(monthTokens) tokens"
+                return String(format: L("Last 30 days: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens"), monthCost, monthTokens)
             }
-            return "Last 30 days: \(monthCost)"
+            return String(format: L("Last 30 days: %@"), monthCost)
         }()
         let err = (error?.isEmpty ?? true) ? nil : error
         return TokenUsageSection(
@@ -67,13 +67,13 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
     static func tokenUsageHint(provider: UsageProvider) -> String? {
         switch provider {
         case .codex:
-            "Estimated from local Codex logs for the selected account."
+            L("Estimated from local Codex logs for the selected account.")
         case .claude:
-            UsageFormatter.costEstimateHint(provider: provider)
+            L(UsageFormatter.costEstimateHint(provider: provider))
         case .vertexai:
-            UsageFormatter.costEstimateHint
+            L(UsageFormatter.costEstimateHint)
         case .bedrock:
-            "Reported by AWS Cost Explorer; daily billing data can lag."
+            L("Reported by AWS Cost Explorer; daily billing data can lag.")
         default:
             nil
         }
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
     private static func bedrockLatestBillingDayLabel(from snapshot: CostUsageTokenSnapshot) -> String {
         guard let entry = bedrockLatestBillingDay(from: snapshot.daily),
               let displayDate = bedrockDisplayDate(from: entry.date)
-        else { return "Latest billing day" }
-        return "Latest billing day (\(displayDate))"
+        else { return L("Latest billing day") }
+        return String(format: L("Latest billing day (%@)"), displayDate)
     }
 
     private static func bedrockLatestBillingDay(from entries: [CostUsageDailyReport.Entry])
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
             return ProviderCostSection(
                 title: "Extra usage",
                 percentUsed: nil,
-                spendLine: "Balance: \(balance)",
+                spendLine: String(format: L("Balance: %@"), balance),
                 percentLine: nil)
         }
 
@@ -156,13 +156,13 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
         }
 
         let percentUsed = Self.clamped((cost.used / cost.limit) * 100)
-        let periodLabel = cost.period ?? "This month"
+        let periodLabel = cost.period ?? L("This month")
 
         return ProviderCostSection(
             title: title,
             percentUsed: percentUsed,
-            spendLine: "\(periodLabel): \(used) / \(limit)",
-            percentLine: String(format: "%.0f%% used", min(100, max(0, percentUsed))))
+            spendLine: String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@ / %3$@"), L(periodLabel), used, limit),
+            percentLine: String(format: L("%.0f%% used"), min(100, max(0, percentUsed))))
     }
 
     static func clamped(_ value: Double) -> Double {
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+ModelHelpers.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+ModelHelpers.swift
index 24eb598ca..0e78f1620 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+ModelHelpers.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView+ModelHelpers.swift
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
         style: ResetTimeDisplayStyle,
         now: Date) -> String?
     {
-        UsageFormatter.resetLine(for: window, style: style, now: now)
+        LocalizedUsageText.resetLine(for: window, style: style, now: now)
     }
 
     static func placeholder(input: Input) -> String? {
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView.swift
index 42e4be0f0..331406f9e 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuCardView.swift
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ struct UsageMenuCardView: View {
 
             var labelSuffix: String {
                 switch self {
-                case .left: "left"
-                case .used: "used"
+                case .left: L("left")
+                case .used: L("used")
                 }
             }
 
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ struct UsageMenuCardView: View {
                     }
                     if let tokenUsage = self.model.tokenUsage {
                         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-                            Text("cost_header_estimated")
+                            Text(L("cost_header_estimated"))
                                 .font(.body)
                                 .fontWeight(.medium)
                             Text(tokenUsage.sessionLine)
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ private struct UsageMenuCardHeaderView: View {
             }
             let subtitleAlignment: VerticalAlignment = self.model.subtitleStyle == .error ? .top : .firstTextBaseline
             HStack(alignment: subtitleAlignment) {
-                Text(self.model.subtitleText)
+                Text(L(self.model.subtitleText))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(self.subtitleColor)
                     .lineLimit(self.model.subtitleStyle == .error ? 4 : 1)
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ private struct CopyIconButton: View {
                 .frame(width: 18, height: 18)
         }
         .buttonStyle(CopyIconButtonStyle(isHighlighted: self.isHighlighted))
-        .accessibilityLabel(self.didCopy ? "Copied" : "Copy error")
+        .accessibilityLabel(self.didCopy ? L("Copied") : L("Copy error"))
     }
 
     private func copyToPasteboard() {
@@ -331,14 +331,14 @@ private struct ProviderCostContent: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-            Text(self.section.title)
+            Text(L(self.section.title))
                 .font(.body)
                 .fontWeight(.medium)
             if let percentUsed = self.section.percentUsed {
                 UsageProgressBar(
                     percent: percentUsed,
                     tint: self.progressColor,
-                    accessibilityLabel: "Extra usage spent")
+                    accessibilityLabel: L("Extra usage spent"))
             }
             HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline) {
                 Text(self.section.spendLine)
@@ -362,11 +362,11 @@ private struct MetricRow: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-            Text(self.title)
+            Text(L(self.title))
                 .font(.body)
                 .fontWeight(.medium)
             if let statusText = self.metric.statusText {
-                Text(statusText)
+                Text(L(statusText))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                     .lineLimit(1)
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ private struct MetricRow: View {
                 UsageProgressBar(
                     percent: self.metric.percent,
                     tint: self.progressColor,
-                    accessibilityLabel: self.metric.percentStyle.accessibilityLabel,
+                    accessibilityLabel: L(self.metric.percentStyle.accessibilityLabel),
                     pacePercent: self.metric.pacePercent,
                     paceOnTop: self.metric.paceOnTop,
                     warningMarkerPercents: self.metric.warningMarkerPercents)
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ private struct MetricRow: View {
                             .lineLimit(1)
                         Spacer()
                         if let rightLabel = self.metric.resetText {
-                            Text(rightLabel)
+                            Text(L(rightLabel))
                                 .font(.footnote)
                                 .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                                 .lineLimit(1)
@@ -394,14 +394,14 @@ private struct MetricRow: View {
                     if self.metric.detailLeftText != nil || self.metric.detailRightText != nil {
                         HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline) {
                             if let detailLeft = self.metric.detailLeftText {
-                                Text(detailLeft)
+                                Text(L(detailLeft))
                                     .font(.footnote)
                                     .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.primary(self.isHighlighted))
                                     .lineLimit(1)
                             }
                             Spacer()
                             if let detailRight = self.metric.detailRightText {
-                                Text(detailRight)
+                                Text(L(detailRight))
                                     .font(.footnote)
                                     .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                                     .lineLimit(1)
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ private struct MetricRow: View {
                 }
                 .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
                 if let detail = self.metric.detailText {
-                    Text(detail)
+                    Text(L(detail))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                         .lineLimit(1)
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ private struct UsageNotesContent: View {
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
             ForEach(Array(self.notes.enumerated()), id: \.offset) { _, note in
-                Text(note)
+                Text(L(note))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                     .lineLimit(2)
@@ -550,14 +550,14 @@ private struct CreditsBarContent: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-            Text("Credits")
+            Text(L("Credits"))
                 .font(.body)
                 .fontWeight(.medium)
             if let percentLeft {
                 UsageProgressBar(
                     percent: percentLeft,
                     tint: self.progressColor,
-                    accessibilityLabel: "Credits remaining")
+                    accessibilityLabel: L("Credits remaining"))
                 HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline) {
                     Text(self.creditsText)
                         .font(.caption)
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ struct UsageMenuCardCostSectionView: View {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
                     if let tokenUsage = self.model.tokenUsage {
                         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-                            Text("cost_header_estimated")
+                            Text(L("cost_header_estimated"))
                                 .font(.body)
                                 .fontWeight(.medium)
                             Text(tokenUsage.sessionLine)
@@ -950,14 +950,14 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
         }
 
         if isRefreshing, snapshot == nil {
-            return ("Refreshing...", .loading)
+            return (L("Refreshing"), .loading)
         }
 
         if let updated = snapshot?.updatedAt {
-            return (UsageFormatter.updatedString(from: updated, now: now), .info)
+            return (LocalizedUsageText.updatedString(from: updated, now: now), .info)
         }
 
-        return ("Not fetched yet", .info)
+        return (L("Not fetched yet"), .info)
     }
 
     private struct RedactedText {
@@ -1500,7 +1500,7 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
 
         let remaining = UsageFormatter.usdString(keyRemaining)
         let limit = UsageFormatter.usdString(keyLimit)
-        return "\(remaining)/\(limit) left"
+        return String(format: L("%1$@/%2$@ left"), remaining, limit)
     }
 
     private static func syntheticRegenDetail(
@@ -1516,21 +1516,21 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
               let resetsAt = weekly.resetsAt
         else { return nil }
 
-        let countdown = UsageFormatter.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetsAt, now: now)
-        let resetText = "Regenerates \(countdown)"
+        let countdown = LocalizedUsageText.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetsAt, now: now)
+        let resetText = String(format: L("Regenerates %@"), countdown)
 
         let nextRegenPercent = (nextRegenAmount / cost.limit) * 100
         let afterNextRegenRemaining = min(100, weekly.remainingPercent + nextRegenPercent)
         let afterNextRegen = showUsed ? max(0, 100 - afterNextRegenRemaining) : afterNextRegenRemaining
-        let suffix = showUsed ? "used after next regen" : "after next regen"
+        let suffix = showUsed ? L("used after next regen") : L("after next regen")
         let ticksToFull = max(0, cost.used) / nextRegenAmount
         let left = String(format: "%.0f%% %@", afterNextRegen, suffix)
         let right = if ticksToFull <= 0.1 {
-            "Near full"
+            L("Near full")
         } else if ticksToFull < 1.5 {
-            "Full in ~1 regen"
+            L("Full in ~1 regen")
         } else {
-            String(format: "Full in ~%.0f regens", ceil(ticksToFull))
+            String(format: L("Full in ~%.0f regens"), ceil(ticksToFull))
         }
         return (resetText, PaceDetail(leftLabel: left, rightLabel: right, pacePercent: nil, paceOnTop: true))
     }
@@ -1545,22 +1545,22 @@ extension UsageMenuCardView.Model {
               nextRegenPercent > 0
         else { return nil }
 
-        let countdown = UsageFormatter.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetsAt, now: now)
-        let resetText = "Regenerates \(countdown)"
+        let countdown = LocalizedUsageText.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetsAt, now: now)
+        let resetText = String(format: L("Regenerates %@"), countdown)
 
         let afterNextRegenRemaining = min(100, window.remainingPercent + nextRegenPercent)
         let afterNextRegen = showUsed ? max(0, 100 - afterNextRegenRemaining) : afterNextRegenRemaining
-        let suffix = showUsed ? "used after next regen" : "after next regen"
+        let suffix = showUsed ? L("used after next regen") : L("after next regen")
         let left = String(format: "%.0f%% %@", afterNextRegen, suffix)
 
         let missingPercent = max(0, window.usedPercent)
         let ticksToFull = missingPercent / nextRegenPercent
         let right = if ticksToFull <= 0.1 {
-            "Near full"
+            L("Near full")
         } else if ticksToFull < 1.5 {
-            "Full in ~1 regen"
+            L("Full in ~1 regen")
         } else {
-            String(format: "Full in ~%.0f regens", ceil(ticksToFull))
+            String(format: L("Full in ~%.0f regens"), ceil(ticksToFull))
         }
 
         return (resetText, PaceDetail(leftLabel: left, rightLabel: right, pacePercent: nil, paceOnTop: true))
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuDescriptor.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuDescriptor.swift
index 9b7811006..79cef14f0 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/MenuDescriptor.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/MenuDescriptor.swift
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
                     sections.append(accountSection)
                 }
             } else {
-                sections.append(Section(entries: [.text("No usage configured.", .secondary)]))
+                sections.append(Section(entries: [.text(L("No usage configured."), .secondary)]))
             }
         }
 
@@ -242,11 +242,11 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
                 if cost.currencyCode == "Quota" {
                     let used = String(format: "%.0f", cost.used)
                     let limit = String(format: "%.0f", cost.limit)
-                    entries.append(.text("Quota: \(used) / \(limit)", .primary))
+                    entries.append(.text(String(format: L("Quota: %@ / %@"), used, limit), .primary))
                 }
             }
         } else {
-            entries.append(.text("No usage yet", .secondary))
+            entries.append(.text(L("No usage yet"), .secondary))
         }
 
         let usageContext = ProviderMenuUsageContext(
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
         let redactedEmail = PersonalInfoRedactor.redactEmail(emailText, isEnabled: hidePersonalInfo)
 
         if let emailText, !emailText.isEmpty {
-            entries.append(.text("Account: \(redactedEmail)", .secondary))
+            entries.append(.text(String(format: L("Account: %@"), redactedEmail), .secondary))
         }
         if provider == .kiro {
             if let plan = snapshot?.kiroUsage?.displayPlanName,
@@ -313,10 +313,12 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
         } else if provider == .kilo {
             let kiloLogin = self.kiloLoginParts(loginMethod: loginMethodText)
             if let pass = kiloLogin.pass {
-                entries.append(.text("Plan: \(AccountFormatter.plan(pass, provider: provider))", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(
+                    String(format: L("Plan: %@"), AccountFormatter.plan(pass, provider: provider)),
+                    .secondary))
             }
             for detail in kiloLogin.details {
-                entries.append(.text("Activity: \(detail)", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(String(format: L("Activity: %@"), detail), .secondary))
             }
         } else if let loginMethodText, !loginMethodText.isEmpty {
             if provider == .openrouter || provider == .mimo,
@@ -329,19 +331,25 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
                         options: [.regularExpression])
                     .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
                 let value = balanceValue.isEmpty ? loginMethodText : balanceValue
-                entries.append(.text("Balance: \(AccountFormatter.plan(value, provider: provider))", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(
+                    String(format: L("Balance: %@"), AccountFormatter.plan(value, provider: provider)),
+                    .secondary))
             } else {
-                entries.append(.text("Plan: \(AccountFormatter.plan(loginMethodText, provider: provider))", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(
+                    String(format: L("Plan: %@"), AccountFormatter.plan(loginMethodText, provider: provider)),
+                    .secondary))
             }
         }
 
         if metadata.usesAccountFallback {
             if emailText?.isEmpty ?? true, let fallbackEmail = fallback.email, !fallbackEmail.isEmpty {
                 let redacted = PersonalInfoRedactor.redactEmail(fallbackEmail, isEnabled: hidePersonalInfo)
-                entries.append(.text("Account: \(redacted)", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(String(format: L("Account: %@"), redacted), .secondary))
             }
             if loginMethodText?.isEmpty ?? true, let fallbackPlan = fallback.plan, !fallbackPlan.isEmpty {
-                entries.append(.text("Plan: \(AccountFormatter.plan(fallbackPlan, provider: provider))", .secondary))
+                entries.append(.text(
+                    String(format: L("Plan: %@"), AccountFormatter.plan(fallbackPlan, provider: provider)),
+                    .secondary))
             }
         }
 
@@ -469,10 +477,9 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
               let status = store.status(for: target),
               status.indicator != .none else { return nil }
 
-        let description = status.description?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-        let label = description?.isEmpty == false ? description! : status.indicator.label
+        let label = LocalizedProviderText.statusText(status)
         if let updated = status.updatedAt {
-            let freshness = UsageFormatter.updatedString(from: updated)
+            let freshness = LocalizedUsageText.updatedString(from: updated)
             return "\(label) — \(freshness)"
         }
         return label
@@ -524,12 +531,12 @@ struct MenuDescriptor {
         showUsed: Bool,
         resetOverride: String? = nil)
     {
-        let line = UsageFormatter
+        let line = LocalizedUsageText
             .usageLine(remaining: window.remainingPercent, used: window.usedPercent, showUsed: showUsed)
-        entries.append(.text("\(title): \(line)", .primary))
+        entries.append(.text("\(L(title)): \(line)", .primary))
         if let resetOverride {
             entries.append(.text(resetOverride, .secondary))
-        } else if let reset = UsageFormatter.resetLine(for: window, style: resetStyle) {
+        } else if let reset = LocalizedUsageText.resetLine(for: window, style: resetStyle) {
             entries.append(.text(reset, .secondary))
         }
     }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/OpenAICreditsPurchaseWindowController.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/OpenAICreditsPurchaseWindowController.swift
index 99ec8eef6..1e95ffea0 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/OpenAICreditsPurchaseWindowController.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/OpenAICreditsPurchaseWindowController.swift
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ final class OpenAICreditsPurchaseWindowController: NSWindowController, WKNavigat
             styleMask: [.titled, .closable, .resizable],
             backing: .buffered,
             defer: false)
-        window.title = "Buy Credits"
+        window.title = L("Buy Credits")
         window.isReleasedWhenClosed = false
         window.collectionBehavior = [.moveToActiveSpace, .fullScreenAuxiliary]
         window.contentView = container
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView.swift
index 072c10cc1..1374afe9e 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView.swift
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ struct PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView: View {
 
             if model.points.isEmpty {
                 ZStack {
-                    Text(Self.emptyStateText(title: effectiveSelectedSeries?.title))
+                    Text(Self.localizedEmptyStateText(title: effectiveSelectedSeries?.title))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                 }
@@ -146,8 +146,11 @@ struct PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView: View {
                     }
                     .chartLegend(.hidden)
                     .frame(height: Layout.chartHeight)
-                    .accessibilityLabel("Plan utilization chart")
-                    .accessibilityValue(model.points.isEmpty ? "No data" : "\(model.points.count) utilization samples")
+                    .accessibilityLabel(L("Plan utilization chart"))
+                    .accessibilityValue(
+                        model.points.isEmpty
+                            ? L("No data")
+                            : String(format: L("%@ utilization samples"), "\(model.points.count)"))
                     .chartOverlay { proxy in
                         GeometryReader { geo in
                             MouseLocationReader { location in
@@ -158,7 +161,9 @@ struct PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView: View {
                         }
                     }
 
-                Text(self.detailLine(model: model, windowMinutes: effectiveSelectedSeries?.history.windowMinutes ?? 0))
+                Text(self.localizedDetailLine(
+                    model: model,
+                    windowMinutes: effectiveSelectedSeries?.history.windowMinutes ?? 0))
                     .font(.caption)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .lineLimit(1)
@@ -621,6 +626,13 @@ struct PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView: View {
         return "No utilization data yet."
     }
 
+    private static func localizedEmptyStateText(title: String?) -> String {
+        if let title {
+            return String(format: L("No %@ utilization data yet."), L(title).lowercased())
+        }
+        return L("No utilization data yet.")
+    }
+
     #if DEBUG
     struct ModelSnapshot: Equatable {
         let pointCount: Int
@@ -733,6 +745,11 @@ struct PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView: View {
         return Self.detailLine(point: activePoint, windowMinutes: windowMinutes)
     }
 
+    private func localizedDetailLine(model: Model, windowMinutes: Int) -> String {
+        let activePoint = self.selectedPoint(model: model) ?? model.points.last
+        return Self.localizedDetailLine(point: activePoint, windowMinutes: windowMinutes)
+    }
+
     private func updateSelection(
         location: CGPoint?,
         model: Model,
@@ -788,6 +805,20 @@ extension PlanUtilizationHistoryChartMenuView {
         return "\(dateLabel): \(usedText)% used"
     }
 
+    private static func localizedDetailLine(point: Point?, windowMinutes: Int) -> String {
+        guard let point else {
+            return "-"
+        }
+
+        let dateLabel = self.detailDateLabel(for: point.date, windowMinutes: windowMinutes)
+        let used = max(0, min(100, point.usedPercent))
+        if !point.isObserved {
+            return String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@"), dateLabel, "-")
+        }
+        let usedText = used.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...1)))
+        return String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@%% used"), dateLabel, usedText)
+    }
+
     private nonisolated static func detailDateLabel(for date: Date, windowMinutes: Int) -> String {
         let formatter = DateFormatter()
         formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAboutPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAboutPane.swift
index 31c3bbe43..0b751d2a9 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAboutPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAboutPane.swift
@@ -89,14 +89,14 @@ struct AboutPane: View {
                             Spacer()
                             Picker("", selection: self.updateChannelBinding) {
                                 ForEach(UpdateChannel.allCases) { channel in
-                                    Text(channel.displayName).tag(channel)
+                                    Text(L(channel.displayName)).tag(channel)
                                 }
                             }
                             .pickerStyle(.menu)
                             .labelsHidden()
                         }
                         .frame(maxWidth: 280)
-                        Text(self.updateChannel.description)
+                        Text(L(self.updateChannel.description))
                             .font(.footnote)
                             .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                             .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAdvancedPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAdvancedPane.swift
index 8dc82da59..54f2d49ec 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAdvancedPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesAdvancedPane.swift
@@ -78,8 +78,9 @@ struct AdvancedPane: View {
                         subtitle: L("hide_personal_info_subtitle"),
                         binding: self.$settings.hidePersonalInfo)
                     PreferenceToggleRow(
-                        title: "Show provider storage usage",
-                        subtitle: "Show local disk usage in menus. Scans known provider-owned paths in the background.",
+                        title: L("Show provider storage usage"),
+                        subtitle: L(
+                            "Show local disk usage in menus. Scans known provider-owned paths in the background."),
                         binding: self.$settings.providerStorageFootprintsEnabled)
                 }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesCodexAccountsSection.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesCodexAccountsSection.swift
index 4b09898c2..20b02fe2a 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesCodexAccountsSection.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesCodexAccountsSection.swift
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
             if let selection = self.activeSelectionBinding {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
                     HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 10) {
-                        Text("Active")
+                        Text(L("Active"))
                             .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                             .frame(width: ProviderSettingsMetrics.pickerLabelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
                         Spacer(minLength: 0)
                     }
 
-                    Text("Choose which Codex account CodexBar should follow.")
+                    Text(L("Choose which Codex account CodexBar should follow."))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
             } else if let account = self.state.singleVisibleAccount {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
                     HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 10) {
-                        Text("Account")
+                        Text(L("Account"))
                             .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                             .frame(width: ProviderSettingsMetrics.pickerLabelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
             }
 
             if self.state.visibleAccounts.isEmpty {
-                Text("No Codex accounts detected yet.")
+                Text(L("No Codex accounts detected yet."))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             } else {
@@ -200,13 +200,13 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
             }
 
             if let notice = self.state.notice {
-                Text(notice.text)
+                Text(L(notice.text))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(notice.tone == .warning ? .red : .secondary)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
             }
 
-            Button(self.state.addAccountTitle) {
+            Button(L(self.state.addAccountTitle)) {
                 self.addAccount()
             }
             .buttonStyle(.bordered)
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
     @ViewBuilder
     private func systemRow(selection: Binding<String>?) -> some View {
         HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 10) {
-            Text("System")
+            Text(L("System"))
                 .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 .frame(width: ProviderSettingsMetrics.pickerLabelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
@@ -259,13 +259,13 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
                         .disabled(self.state.canPromoteToSystem(account) == false)
                     }
                 } label: {
-                    Text(self.state.systemDisplayName)
+                    Text(self.localizedSystemDisplayName)
                         .font(.subheadline)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                 }
                 .disabled(self.state.isSystemSelectionDisabled)
             } else {
-                Text(self.state.systemDisplayName)
+                Text(self.localizedSystemDisplayName)
                     .font(.subheadline)
                     .foregroundStyle(self.state.systemVisibleAccount == nil ? .secondary : .primary)
             }
@@ -273,10 +273,16 @@ struct CodexAccountsSectionView: View {
             Spacer(minLength: 0)
         }
 
-        Text("The default Codex account on this Mac.")
+        Text(L("The default Codex account on this Mac."))
             .font(.footnote)
             .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
     }
+
+    private var localizedSystemDisplayName: String {
+        self.state.systemDisplayName == "No system account"
+            ? L("No system account")
+            : self.state.systemDisplayName
+    }
 }
 
 private struct CodexAccountsSectionRowView: View {
@@ -294,7 +300,7 @@ private struct CodexAccountsSectionRowView: View {
                 Text(self.account.displayName)
                     .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 if self.showsSystemBadge {
-                    Text("(System)")
+                    Text(L("(System)"))
                         .font(.caption.weight(.semibold))
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                 }
@@ -303,7 +309,7 @@ private struct CodexAccountsSectionRowView: View {
             Spacer(minLength: 8)
 
             if self.account.canReauthenticate {
-                Button(self.reauthenticateTitle) {
+                Button(L(self.reauthenticateTitle)) {
                     self.onReauthenticate()
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.bordered)
@@ -312,7 +318,7 @@ private struct CodexAccountsSectionRowView: View {
             }
 
             if self.account.canRemove {
-                Button("Remove") {
+                Button(L("Remove")) {
                     self.onRemove()
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.bordered)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDebugPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDebugPane.swift
index 08e9d2de0..c98ae9c10 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDebugPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDebugPane.swift
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                                 .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
                         }
                         Spacer()
-                        Picker("Verbosity", selection: self.$settings.debugLogLevel) {
+                        Picker(L("verbosity_title"), selection: self.$settings.debugLogLevel) {
                             ForEach(CodexBarLog.Level.allCases) { level in
-                                Text(level.displayName).tag(level)
+                                Text(L(level.displayName)).tag(level)
                             }
                         }
                         .labelsHidden()
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     title: L("section_loading_animations"),
                     caption: L("loading_animations_caption"))
                 {
-                    Picker("Animation pattern", selection: self.animationPatternBinding) {
+                    Picker(L("Animation pattern"), selection: self.animationPatternBinding) {
                         Text(L("animation_random_default")).tag(nil as LoadingPattern?)
                         ForEach(LoadingPattern.allCases) { pattern in
-                            Text(pattern.displayName).tag(Optional(pattern))
+                            Text(L(pattern.displayName)).tag(Optional(pattern))
                         }
                     }
                     .pickerStyle(.radioGroup)
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     title: L("section_probe_logs"),
                     caption: L("probe_logs_caption"))
                 {
-                    Picker("Provider", selection: self.$currentLogProvider) {
+                    Picker(L("Provider"), selection: self.$currentLogProvider) {
                         Text("Codex").tag(UsageProvider.codex)
                         Text("Claude").tag(UsageProvider.claude)
                         Text("Cursor").tag(UsageProvider.cursor)
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     title: L("section_fetch_strategy"),
                     caption: L("fetch_strategy_caption"))
                 {
-                    Picker("Provider", selection: self.$currentFetchProvider) {
+                    Picker(L("Provider"), selection: self.$currentFetchProvider) {
                         ForEach(UsageProvider.allCases, id: \.self) { provider in
                             Text(provider.rawValue.capitalized).tag(provider)
                         }
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     title: L("section_notifications"),
                     caption: L("notifications_caption"))
                 {
-                    Picker("Provider", selection: self.$currentLogProvider) {
+                    Picker(L("Provider"), selection: self.$currentLogProvider) {
                         Text("Codex").tag(UsageProvider.codex)
                         Text("Claude").tag(UsageProvider.claude)
                     }
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     title: L("section_error_simulation"),
                     caption: L("error_simulation_caption"))
                 {
-                    Picker("Provider", selection: self.$currentErrorProvider) {
+                    Picker(L("Provider"), selection: self.$currentErrorProvider) {
                         Text("Codex").tag(UsageProvider.codex)
                         Text("Claude").tag(UsageProvider.claude)
                         Text("Gemini").tag(UsageProvider.gemini)
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ struct DebugPane: View {
                     .pickerStyle(.segmented)
                     .frame(width: 360)
 
-                    TextField("Simulated error text", text: self.$simulatedErrorText, axis: .vertical)
+                    TextField(L("Simulated error text"), text: self.$simulatedErrorText, axis: .vertical)
                         .lineLimit(4)
 
                     HStack(spacing: 12) {
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDisplayPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDisplayPane.swift
index 4628a649a..037ea19e9 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDisplayPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesDisplayPane.swift
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct DisplayPane: View {
                                 .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
                         }
                         Spacer()
-                        Picker("Display mode", selection: self.$settings.menuBarDisplayMode) {
+                        Picker(L("display_mode_title"), selection: self.$settings.menuBarDisplayMode) {
                             ForEach(MenuBarDisplayMode.allCases) { mode in
                                 Text(mode.label).tag(mode)
                             }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift
index edf0a2a00..2a6af21bf 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ struct GeneralPane: View {
                                     .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
                             }
                             Spacer()
-                            Picker("Refresh cadence", selection: self.$settings.refreshFrequency) {
+                            Picker(L("refresh_cadence_title"), selection: self.$settings.refreshFrequency) {
                                 ForEach(RefreshFrequency.allCases) { option in
                                     Text(option.label).tag(option)
                                 }
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ struct GeneralPane: View {
                 .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
         }
         if let snapshot = self.store.tokenSnapshot(for: provider) {
-            let updated = UsageFormatter.updatedString(from: snapshot.updatedAt)
+            let updated = LocalizedUsageText.updatedString(from: snapshot.updatedAt)
             let cost = snapshot.last30DaysCostUSD.map { UsageFormatter.usdString($0) } ?? "—"
             return Text(String(format: L("cost_status_snapshot"), name, updated, cost))
                 .font(.footnote)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderDetailView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderDetailView.swift
index e0e184158..88b014e5d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderDetailView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderDetailView.swift
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ private struct ProviderDetailHeaderView: View {
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.bordered)
                 .controlSize(.small)
-                .help("Refresh")
+                .help(L("Refresh"))
 
                 Toggle("", isOn: self.$isEnabled)
                     .labelsHidden()
@@ -296,11 +296,11 @@ private struct ProviderDetailInfoGrid: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         let status = self.store.status(for: self.provider)
-        let source = self.store.sourceLabel(for: self.provider)
-        let version = self.store.version(for: self.provider) ?? "not detected"
+        let source = LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(self.store.sourceLabel(for: self.provider))
+        let version = self.store.version(for: self.provider) ?? L("not detected")
         let updated = self.updatedText
         let email = self.model.email
-        let enabledText = self.isEnabled ? "Enabled" : "Disabled"
+        let enabledText = self.isEnabled ? L("Enabled") : L("Disabled")
 
         Grid(alignment: .leading, horizontalSpacing: 12, verticalSpacing: 6) {
             ProviderDetailInfoRow(label: "State", value: enabledText, labelWidth: self.labelWidth)
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ private struct ProviderDetailInfoGrid: View {
             if let status {
                 ProviderDetailInfoRow(
                     label: "Status",
-                    value: status.description ?? status.indicator.label,
+                    value: LocalizedProviderText.statusText(status),
                     labelWidth: self.labelWidth)
             }
 
@@ -339,15 +339,15 @@ private struct ProviderDetailInfoGrid: View {
 
     private var updatedText: String {
         if let updated = self.store.snapshot(for: self.provider)?.updatedAt {
-            return UsageFormatter.updatedString(from: updated)
+            return LocalizedUsageText.updatedString(from: updated)
         }
         if self.store.refreshingProviders.contains(self.provider) {
-            return "Refreshing"
+            return L("Refreshing")
         }
         if self.store.unavailableMessage(for: self.provider) != nil {
-            return "Unavailable"
+            return L("Unavailable")
         }
-        return "Not fetched yet"
+        return L("Not fetched yet")
     }
 }
 
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ private struct ProviderDetailInfoRow: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         GridRow {
-            Text(self.label)
+            Text(L(self.label))
                 .frame(width: self.labelWidth, alignment: .leading)
             Text(self.value)
                 .lineLimit(2)
@@ -435,9 +435,9 @@ struct ProviderMetricsInlineView: View {
 
     private var placeholderText: String {
         if !self.isEnabled {
-            return "Disabled — no recent data"
+            return L("Disabled — no recent data")
         }
-        return self.model.placeholder ?? "No usage yet"
+        return self.model.placeholder.map { L($0) } ?? L("No usage yet")
     }
 }
 
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ private struct ProviderMetricInlineRow: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 10) {
-            Text(self.title)
+            Text(L(self.title))
                 .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 .lineLimit(1)
                 .frame(width: self.labelWidth, alignment: .leading)
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ private struct ProviderMetricInlineRow: View {
                 UsageProgressBar(
                     percent: self.metric.percent,
                     tint: self.progressColor,
-                    accessibilityLabel: self.metric.percentStyle.accessibilityLabel,
+                    accessibilityLabel: L(self.metric.percentStyle.accessibilityLabel),
                     pacePercent: self.metric.pacePercent,
                     paceOnTop: self.metric.paceOnTop,
                     warningMarkerPercents: self.metric.warningMarkerPercents)
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ private struct ProviderUsageNotesInlineView: View {
             }
             VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
                 ForEach(Array(self.notes.enumerated()), id: \.offset) { _, note in
-                    Text(note)
+                    Text(L(note))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                         .lineLimit(2)
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ private struct ProviderMetricInlineTextRow: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 12) {
-            Text(self.title)
+            Text(L(self.title))
                 .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 .frame(width: self.labelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ private struct ProviderMetricInlineCostRow: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         HStack(alignment: .top, spacing: 10) {
-            Text(self.section.title)
+            Text(L(self.section.title))
                 .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 .frame(width: self.labelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ private struct ProviderMetricInlineCostRow: View {
                     UsageProgressBar(
                         percent: percentUsed,
                         tint: self.progressColor,
-                        accessibilityLabel: "Usage used")
+                        accessibilityLabel: L("Usage used"))
                         .frame(minWidth: ProviderSettingsMetrics.metricBarWidth, maxWidth: .infinity)
                 }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderErrorView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderErrorView.swift
index 4b5c96b78..156dc6271 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderErrorView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderErrorView.swift
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ struct ProviderErrorView: View {
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.plain)
                 .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                .help("Copy error")
+                .help(L("Copy error"))
             }
 
             Text(self.display.preview)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSettingsRows.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSettingsRows.swift
index c4f4cb817..bdc31257b 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSettingsRows.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSettingsRows.swift
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsSection<Content: View>: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: self.spacing) {
-            Text(self.title)
+            Text(L(self.title))
                 .font(.headline)
             self.content()
         }
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ struct ProviderSettingsToggleRowView: View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
             HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 12) {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
-                    Text(self.toggle.title)
+                    Text(L(self.toggle.title))
                         .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
-                    Text(self.toggle.subtitle)
+                    Text(L(self.toggle.subtitle))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                         .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsToggleRowView: View {
                 if !actions.isEmpty {
                     HStack(spacing: 10) {
                         ForEach(actions) { action in
-                            Button(action.title) {
+                            Button(L(action.title)) {
                                 Task { @MainActor in
                                     await action.perform()
                                 }
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ struct ProviderSettingsPickerRowView: View {
         let isEnabled = self.picker.isEnabled?() ?? true
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
             HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 10) {
-                Text(self.picker.title)
+                Text(L(self.picker.title))
                     .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                     .frame(width: ProviderSettingsMetrics.pickerLabelWidth, alignment: .leading)
 
                 Picker("", selection: self.picker.binding) {
                     ForEach(self.picker.options) { option in
-                        Text(option.title).tag(option.id)
+                        Text(L(option.title)).tag(option.id)
                     }
                 }
                 .labelsHidden()
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsPickerRowView: View {
 
             let subtitle = self.picker.dynamicSubtitle?() ?? self.picker.subtitle
             if !subtitle.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
-                Text(subtitle)
+                Text(L(subtitle))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -157,11 +157,11 @@ struct ProviderSettingsFieldRowView: View {
             if hasHeader {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
                     if !trimmedTitle.isEmpty {
-                        Text(trimmedTitle)
+                        Text(L(trimmedTitle))
                             .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                     }
                     if !trimmedSubtitle.isEmpty {
-                        Text(trimmedSubtitle)
+                        Text(L(trimmedSubtitle))
                             .font(.footnote)
                             .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                             .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -171,12 +171,12 @@ struct ProviderSettingsFieldRowView: View {
 
             switch self.field.kind {
             case .plain:
-                TextField(self.field.placeholder ?? "", text: self.field.binding)
+                TextField(self.field.placeholder.map { L($0) } ?? "", text: self.field.binding)
                     .textFieldStyle(.roundedBorder)
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .onTapGesture { self.field.onActivate?() }
             case .secure:
-                SecureField(self.field.placeholder ?? "", text: self.field.binding)
+                SecureField(self.field.placeholder.map { L($0) } ?? "", text: self.field.binding)
                     .textFieldStyle(.roundedBorder)
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .onTapGesture { self.field.onActivate?() }
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsFieldRowView: View {
             if !actions.isEmpty {
                 HStack(spacing: 10) {
                     ForEach(actions) { action in
-                        Button(action.title) {
+                        Button(L(action.title)) {
                             Task { @MainActor in
                                 await action.perform()
                             }
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsFieldRowView: View {
             }
 
             if let footer = self.field.footerText, !footer.isEmpty {
-                Text(footer)
+                Text(L(footer))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -213,11 +213,11 @@ struct ProviderSettingsActionsRowView: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
-            Text(self.descriptor.title)
+            Text(L(self.descriptor.title))
                 .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
 
             if !self.descriptor.subtitle.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
-                Text(self.descriptor.subtitle)
+                Text(L(self.descriptor.subtitle))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsActionsRowView: View {
             if !actions.isEmpty {
                 HStack(spacing: 10) {
                     ForEach(actions) { action in
-                        Button(action.title) {
+                        Button(L(action.title)) {
                             Task { @MainActor in
                                 await action.perform()
                             }
@@ -251,13 +251,13 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
             HStack(alignment: .center, spacing: 12) {
-                Text(self.descriptor.title)
+                Text(L(self.descriptor.title))
                     .font(.subheadline.weight(.semibold))
                 Spacer(minLength: 8)
                 if let title = self.descriptor.primaryAddActionTitle,
                    let action = self.descriptor.primaryAddAction
                 {
-                    Button(title) {
+                    Button(L(title)) {
                         Task { @MainActor in
                             await action()
                         }
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
             }
 
             if !self.descriptor.subtitle.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty {
-                Text(self.descriptor.subtitle)
+                Text(L(self.descriptor.subtitle))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
 
             let accounts = self.descriptor.accounts()
             if accounts.isEmpty {
-                Text("No token accounts yet.")
+                Text(L("No token accounts yet."))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             } else {
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
                             }
                             .buttonStyle(.plain)
 
-                            Button("Remove") {
+                            Button(L("Remove")) {
                                 self.descriptor.removeAccount(account.id)
                             }
                             .buttonStyle(.bordered)
@@ -320,13 +320,13 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
             if self.descriptor.primaryAddAction == nil {
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
                     HStack(spacing: 8) {
-                        TextField("Label", text: self.$newLabel)
+                        TextField(L("Label"), text: self.$newLabel)
                             .textFieldStyle(.roundedBorder)
                             .font(.footnote)
-                        SecureField(self.descriptor.placeholder, text: self.$newToken)
+                        SecureField(L(self.descriptor.placeholder), text: self.$newToken)
                             .textFieldStyle(.roundedBorder)
                             .font(.footnote)
-                        Button("Add") {
+                        Button(L("Add")) {
                             let label = self.newLabel.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
                             let token = self.newToken.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
                             guard !label.isEmpty, !token.isEmpty else { return }
@@ -344,21 +344,22 @@ struct ProviderSettingsTokenAccountsRowView: View {
                             self.newToken.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty)
                     }
                     if self.descriptor.showsOrganizationField {
-                        TextField("Org ID (optional)", text: self.$newOrgID)
+                        TextField(L("Org ID (optional)"), text: self.$newOrgID)
                             .textFieldStyle(.roundedBorder)
                             .font(.footnote)
-                            .help("Optional organization ID for accounts linked to multiple Anthropic organizations.")
+                            .help(
+                                L("Optional organization ID for accounts linked to multiple Anthropic organizations."))
                     }
                 }
             }
 
             HStack(spacing: 10) {
-                Button("Open token file") {
+                Button(L("Open token file")) {
                     self.descriptor.openConfigFile()
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.link)
                 .controlSize(.small)
-                Button("Reload") {
+                Button(L("Reload")) {
                     self.descriptor.reloadFromDisk()
                 }
                 .buttonStyle(.link)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSidebarView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSidebarView.swift
index 559c5329e..1df0d147c 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSidebarView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProviderSidebarView.swift
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ private struct ProviderSidebarRowView: View {
                 .contentShape(Rectangle())
                 .padding(.vertical, 4)
                 .padding(.horizontal, 2)
-                .help("Drag to reorder")
+                .help(L("Drag to reorder"))
                 .onDrag {
                     self.draggingProvider = self.provider
                     return NSItemProvider(object: self.provider.rawValue as NSString)
@@ -115,13 +115,14 @@ private struct ProviderSidebarRowView: View {
 
     private var statusText: String {
         guard !self.isEnabled else { return self.subtitle }
+        let disabled = L("Disabled")
         let lines = self.subtitle.split(separator: "\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
         if lines.count >= 2 {
             let first = lines[0]
             let rest = lines.dropFirst().joined(separator: "\n")
-            return "Disabled — \(first)\n\(rest)"
+            return "\(disabled) — \(first)\n\(rest)"
         }
-        return "Disabled — \(self.subtitle)"
+        return "\(disabled) — \(self.subtitle)"
     }
 }
 
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ private struct ProviderSidebarReorderHandle: View {
             width: ProviderSettingsMetrics.reorderHandleSize,
             height: ProviderSettingsMetrics.reorderHandleSize)
         .foregroundStyle(.tertiary)
-        .accessibilityLabel("Reorder")
+        .accessibilityLabel(L("Reorder"))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProvidersPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProvidersPane.swift
index 38d167188..be6de3355 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProvidersPane.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesProvidersPane.swift
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ struct ProvidersPane: View {
             ]
         } else if SettingsStore.isBalanceOnlyProvider(provider) {
             options = [
-                ProviderSettingsPickerOption(id: MenuBarMetricPreference.automatic.rawValue, title: "Automatic"),
+                ProviderSettingsPickerOption(id: MenuBarMetricPreference.automatic.rawValue, title: L("automatic")),
             ]
         } else if provider == .abacus {
             let metadata = self.store.metadata(for: provider)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Abacus/AbacusProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Abacus/AbacusProviderImplementation.swift
index 1e0cdeb9f..d1d1f01fc 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Abacus/AbacusProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Abacus/AbacusProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -63,11 +63,7 @@ struct AbacusProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .abacus) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .abacus) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Alibaba/AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Alibaba/AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation.swift
index eb198478e..a3aa243ae 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Alibaba/AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Alibaba/AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
     @MainActor
     func presentation(context _: ProviderPresentationContext) -> ProviderPresentation {
         ProviderPresentation { context in
-            context.store.sourceLabel(for: context.provider)
+            LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(context.store.sourceLabel(for: context.provider))
         }
     }
 
@@ -68,11 +68,7 @@ struct AlibabaCodingPlanProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .alibaba) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .alibaba) }),
             ProviderSettingsPickerDescriptor(
                 id: "alibaba-coding-plan-region",
                 title: "Gateway region",
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Antigravity/AntigravityProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Antigravity/AntigravityProviderImplementation.swift
index bb3b01070..201f41d9d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Antigravity/AntigravityProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Antigravity/AntigravityProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct AntigravityProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 trailingText: {
                     guard context.settings.antigravityUsageDataSource == .auto else { return nil }
                     let label = context.store.sourceLabel(for: .antigravity)
-                    return label == "auto" ? nil : label
+                    return label == "auto" ? nil : LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(label)
                 }),
         ]
     }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Augment/AugmentProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Augment/AugmentProviderImplementation.swift
index c1529bd58..ac1c4a32d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Augment/AugmentProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Augment/AugmentProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -67,11 +67,7 @@ struct AugmentProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .augment) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .augment) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Claude/ClaudeProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Claude/ClaudeProviderImplementation.swift
index 3bd49fbe1..5098e885f 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Claude/ClaudeProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Claude/ClaudeProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ struct ClaudeProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
     @MainActor
     func presentation(context _: ProviderPresentationContext) -> ProviderPresentation {
         ProviderPresentation { context in
-            var versionText = context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? "not detected"
+            var versionText = context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? L("not detected")
             if let parenRange = versionText.range(of: "(") {
                 versionText = versionText[..<parenRange.lowerBound].trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
             }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ struct ClaudeProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 trailingText: {
                     guard context.settings.claudeUsageDataSource == .auto else { return nil }
                     let label = context.store.sourceLabel(for: .claude)
-                    return label == "auto" ? nil : label
+                    return label == "auto" ? nil : LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(label)
                 }),
             ProviderSettingsPickerDescriptor(
                 id: "claude-keychain-prompt-policy",
@@ -193,11 +193,7 @@ struct ClaudeProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .claude) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .claude) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift
index 79e3548ef..8e11c5d6d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct CodexProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
     @MainActor
     func presentation(context _: ProviderPresentationContext) -> ProviderPresentation {
         ProviderPresentation { context in
-            context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? "not detected"
+            context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? L("not detected")
         }
     }
 
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ struct CodexProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 trailingText: {
                     guard context.settings.codexUsageDataSource == .auto else { return nil }
                     let label = context.store.sourceLabel(for: .codex)
-                    return label == "auto" ? nil : label
+                    return label == "auto" ? nil : LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(label)
                 }),
             ProviderSettingsPickerDescriptor(
                 id: "codex-cookie-source",
@@ -168,11 +168,7 @@ struct CodexProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: { context.settings.openAIWebAccessEnabled },
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .codex) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .codex) }),
         ]
     }
 
@@ -202,11 +198,11 @@ struct CodexProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
 
         if let credits = context.store.credits {
             entries.append(.text(
-                String(format: L("credits_remaining"), UsageFormatter.creditsString(from: credits.remaining)),
+                String(format: L("credits_remaining"), LocalizedUsageText.creditsString(from: credits.remaining)),
                 .primary))
             if let latest = credits.events.first {
                 entries.append(.text(
-                    String(format: L("last_spend"), UsageFormatter.creditEventSummary(latest)),
+                    String(format: L("last_spend"), LocalizedUsageText.creditEventSummary(latest)),
                     .secondary))
             }
         } else {
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Copilot/CopilotLoginFlow.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Copilot/CopilotLoginFlow.swift
index 14374c5f2..339978287 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Copilot/CopilotLoginFlow.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Copilot/CopilotLoginFlow.swift
@@ -99,9 +99,11 @@ struct CopilotLoginFlow {
                 } catch {
                     guard existingAccounts.isEmpty else {
                         let err = NSAlert()
-                        err.messageText = "Could Not Identify GitHub Account"
-                        err.informativeText = "GitHub login succeeded, but CodexBar could not verify which " +
-                            "account it belongs to. Please try again."
+                        err.messageText = L("Could Not Identify GitHub Account")
+                        // swiftlint:disable line_length
+                        err.informativeText = L(
+                            "GitHub login succeeded, but CodexBar could not verify which account it belongs to. Please try again.")
+                        // swiftlint:enable line_length
                         err.runModal()
                         return
                     }
@@ -138,20 +140,20 @@ struct CopilotLoginFlow {
                     enabled: true)
 
                 let success = NSAlert()
-                success.messageText = wasRefresh ? "Token Refreshed" : "Account Added"
+                success.messageText = wasRefresh ? L("Token Refreshed") : L("Account Added")
                 success.informativeText = label
                 success.runModal()
             case let .failure(error):
                 guard !(error is CancellationError) else { return }
                 let err = NSAlert()
-                err.messageText = "Login Failed"
+                err.messageText = L("Login Failed")
                 err.informativeText = error.localizedDescription
                 err.runModal()
             }
 
         } catch {
             let err = NSAlert()
-            err.messageText = "Login Failed"
+            err.messageText = L("Login Failed")
             err.informativeText = error.localizedDescription
             err.runModal()
         }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Cursor/CursorProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Cursor/CursorProviderImplementation.swift
index a8638af89..4d7b6b48b 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Cursor/CursorProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Cursor/CursorProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -68,11 +68,7 @@ struct CursorProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .cursor) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .cursor) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Factory/FactoryProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Factory/FactoryProviderImplementation.swift
index c9a759cba..ff20cbd12 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Factory/FactoryProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Factory/FactoryProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -63,11 +63,7 @@ struct FactoryProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .factory) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .factory) }),
         ]
     }
 
@@ -98,6 +94,6 @@ struct FactoryProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
         else { return }
 
         let balance = UsageFormatter.currencyString(cost.used, currencyCode: cost.currencyCode)
-        entries.append(.text("Extra usage balance: \(balance)", .primary))
+        entries.append(.text(String(format: L("Extra usage balance: %@"), balance), .primary))
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Kilo/KiloProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Kilo/KiloProviderImplementation.swift
index 8038ddb81..f08ae7257 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Kilo/KiloProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Kilo/KiloProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ struct KiloProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 trailingText: {
                     guard context.settings.kiloUsageDataSource == .auto else { return nil }
                     let label = context.store.sourceLabel(for: .kilo)
-                    return label == "auto" ? nil : label
+                    return label == "auto" ? nil : LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(label)
                 }),
         ]
     }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiMo/MiMoProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiMo/MiMoProviderImplementation.swift
index bcb9b68cf..33036a7a1 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiMo/MiMoProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiMo/MiMoProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -54,11 +54,7 @@ struct MiMoProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .mimo) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .mimo) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiniMax/MiniMaxProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiniMax/MiniMaxProviderImplementation.swift
index 661441e99..34ec77f31 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiniMax/MiniMaxProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/MiniMax/MiniMaxProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ struct MiniMaxProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
     @MainActor
     func presentation(context _: ProviderPresentationContext) -> ProviderPresentation {
         ProviderPresentation { context in
-            context.store.sourceLabel(for: context.provider)
+            LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(context.store.sourceLabel(for: context.provider))
         }
     }
 
@@ -88,11 +88,7 @@ struct MiniMaxProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: { authMode().allowsCookies },
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .minimax) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .minimax) }),
             ProviderSettingsPickerDescriptor(
                 id: "minimax-region",
                 title: "API region",
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Mistral/MistralProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Mistral/MistralProviderImplementation.swift
index 1949d2ed0..64af97d1f 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Mistral/MistralProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Mistral/MistralProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -68,11 +68,7 @@ struct MistralProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .mistral) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .mistral) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/OpenCode/OpenCodeProviderUI.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/OpenCode/OpenCodeProviderUI.swift
index e6646e6c2..103d31c18 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/OpenCode/OpenCodeProviderUI.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/OpenCode/OpenCodeProviderUI.swift
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ enum OpenCodeProviderUI {
     @MainActor
     static func cachedCookieTrailingText(provider: UsageProvider, cookieSource: ProviderCookieSource) -> String? {
         guard cookieSource != .manual else { return nil }
-        guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: provider) else { return nil }
-        let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-        return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
+        return ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: provider)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderCookieSourceUI.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderCookieSourceUI.swift
index 4964f4df4..afba30a3d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderCookieSourceUI.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderCookieSourceUI.swift
@@ -30,7 +30,11 @@ enum ProviderCookieSourceUI {
         off: String) -> String
     {
         if keychainDisabled {
-            return source == .off ? off : "\(self.keychainDisabledPrefix) \(manual)"
+            return source == .off
+                ? off
+                : String(
+                    format: L("Keychain access is disabled in Advanced, so browser cookie import is unavailable. %@"),
+                    L(manual))
         }
         switch source {
         case .auto:
@@ -41,4 +45,12 @@ enum ProviderCookieSourceUI {
             return off
         }
     }
+
+    @MainActor
+    static func cachedTrailingText(provider: UsageProvider) -> String? {
+        guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: provider) else { return nil }
+        let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
+        let source = LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(entry.sourceLabel)
+        return String(format: L("Cached: %@ • %@"), source, when)
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderPresentation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderPresentation.swift
index 70fe3504f..ab54ca346 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderPresentation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Shared/ProviderPresentation.swift
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ struct ProviderPresentation {
 
     @MainActor
     static func standardDetailLine(context: ProviderPresentationContext) -> String {
-        let versionText = context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? "not detected"
+        let versionText = context.store.version(for: context.provider) ?? L("not detected")
         return "\(context.metadata.cliName) \(versionText)"
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/StepFun/StepFunProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/StepFun/StepFunProviderImplementation.swift
index dec72a8c8..e9c28e1b1 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/StepFun/StepFunProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/StepFun/StepFunProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -95,11 +95,7 @@ struct StepFunProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 options: cookieOptions,
                 isVisible: nil,
                 onChange: nil,
-                trailingText: {
-                    guard let entry = CookieHeaderCache.load(provider: .stepfun) else { return nil }
-                    let when = entry.storedAt.relativeDescription()
-                    return "Cached: \(entry.sourceLabel) • \(when)"
-                }),
+                trailingText: { ProviderCookieSourceUI.cachedTrailingText(provider: .stepfun) }),
         ]
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Windsurf/WindsurfProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Windsurf/WindsurfProviderImplementation.swift
index 38d290663..755af3300 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Windsurf/WindsurfProviderImplementation.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Windsurf/WindsurfProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ struct WindsurfProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 trailingText: {
                     guard context.settings.windsurfUsageDataSource == .auto else { return nil }
                     let label = context.store.sourceLabel(for: .windsurf)
-                    return label == "auto" ? nil : label
+                    return label == "auto" ? nil : LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(label)
                 }),
             ProviderSettingsPickerDescriptor(
                 id: "windsurf-cookie-source",
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/en.lproj/Localizable.strings b/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/en.lproj/Localizable.strings
index e22ef072c..9336c303a 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/en.lproj/Localizable.strings
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/en.lproj/Localizable.strings
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 "Add Workspace" = "Add Workspace";
 "Advanced" = "Advanced";
 "All" = "All";
+"All Systems Operational" = "All Systems Operational";
 "Always allow prompts" = "Always allow prompts";
 "Animation pattern" = "Animation pattern";
 "Antigravity login is managed in the app" = "Antigravity login is managed in the app";
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@
 "Claude cookies" = "Claude cookies";
 "Claude login failed" = "Claude login failed";
 "Claude login timed out" = "Claude login timed out";
+"Claude web usage" = "Claude web usage";
 "Close" = "Close";
 "Code review" = "Code review";
 "Codex CLI not found" = "Codex CLI not found";
@@ -219,6 +221,7 @@
 "OpenAI web extras" = "OpenAI web extras";
 "Option A" = "Option A";
 "Option B" = "Option B";
+"Optional. Turn this on to show code review, usage breakdown, and credits history via chatgpt.com." = "Optional. Turn this on to show code review, usage breakdown, and credits history via chatgpt.com.";
 "Optional override if workspace lookup fails." = "Optional override if workspace lookup fails.";
 "Options" = "Options";
 "Override auto-detection with a custom IDE base path" = "Override auto-detection with a custom IDE base path";
@@ -247,6 +250,7 @@
 "Progress bars fill as you consume quota (instead of showing remaining)." = "Progress bars fill as you consume quota (instead of showing remaining).";
 "Provider" = "Provider";
 "Providers" = "Providers";
+"Quota usage" = "Quota usage";
 "Quit CodexBar" = "Quit CodexBar";
 "Random (default)" = "Random (default)";
 "Reads local usage logs. Shows today + last 30 days cost in the menu." = "Reads local usage logs. Shows today + last 30 days cost in the menu.";
@@ -288,6 +292,7 @@
 "Stack token accounts in the menu (otherwise show an account switcher bar)." = "Stack token accounts in the menu (otherwise show an account switcher bar).";
 "Start at Login" = "Start at Login";
 "Status" = "Status";
+"State" = "State";
 "Store Claude sessionKey cookies or OAuth access tokens." = "Store Claude sessionKey cookies or OAuth access tokens.";
 "Store multiple Abacus AI Cookie headers." = "Store multiple Abacus AI Cookie headers.";
 "Store multiple Augment Cookie headers." = "Store multiple Augment Cookie headers.";
@@ -629,6 +634,297 @@
 "refresh_15min" = "15 min";
 "refresh_30min" = "30 min";
 
+/* Runtime menu and provider details */
+"%.0f%% used" = "%.0f%% used";
+"%1$@ days of usage data across %2$@ services" = "%1$@ days of usage data across %2$@ services";
+"%1$@: %2$@" = "%1$@: %2$@";
+"%1$@: %2$@ / %3$@" = "%1$@: %2$@ / %3$@";
+"%1$@: %2$@ credits" = "%1$@: %2$@ credits";
+"%1$@: %2$@ · %3$@ tokens" = "%1$@: %2$@ · %3$@ tokens";
+"%1$@: %2$@%% used" = "%1$@: %2$@%% used";
+"%@ days of cost data" = "%@ days of cost data";
+"%@ days of credits data" = "%@ days of credits data";
+"%@ login successful" = "%@ login successful";
+"%@ more items" = "%@ more items";
+"%@ percent" = "%@ percent";
+"%@ unreadable item(s) skipped" = "%@ unreadable item(s) skipped";
+"%@ utilization samples" = "%@ utilization samples";
+"Account Added" = "Account Added";
+"Account: %@" = "Account: %@";
+"Activity: %@" = "Activity: %@";
+"Add Account" = "Add Account";
+"Add accounts via GitHub OAuth Device Flow on the selected host." = "Add accounts via GitHub OAuth Device Flow on the selected host.";
+"Antigravity login failed" = "Antigravity login failed";
+"Antigravity login timed out" = "Antigravity login timed out";
+"Auth source" = "Auth source";
+"Auto uses the local IDE API first, then Google OAuth when the IDE is closed." = "Auto uses the local IDE API first, then Google OAuth when the IDE is closed.";
+"Automatic imports Chrome browser cookies from Xiaomi MiMo." = "Automatic imports Chrome browser cookies from Xiaomi MiMo.";
+"Automatic imports Windsurf session data from Chromium browser localStorage." = "Automatic imports Windsurf session data from Chromium browser localStorage.";
+"Automatically imports browser session cookies." = "Automatically imports browser session cookies.";
+"Balance: %@" = "Balance: %@";
+"Buy Credits" = "Buy Credits";
+"Choose the Moonshot/Kimi API host for international or China mainland accounts." = "Choose the Moonshot/Kimi API host for international or China mainland accounts.";
+"Cleanup ideas" = "Cleanup ideas";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste a cURL capture from the Abacus AI dashboard" = "Cookie: …\n\nor paste a cURL capture from the Abacus AI dashboard";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste the __Secure-next-auth.session-token value" = "Cookie: …\n\nor paste the __Secure-next-auth.session-token value";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste the kimi-auth token value" = "Cookie: …\n\nor paste the kimi-auth token value";
+"Copied" = "Copied";
+"Copy error" = "Copy error";
+"Copy path" = "Copy path";
+"Cost history chart" = "Cost history chart";
+"Could Not Identify GitHub Account" = "Could Not Identify GitHub Account";
+"CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for %@ so it can fetch %@. Click OK to continue." = "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for %@ so it can fetch %@. Click OK to continue.";
+"CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for “%@” so it can decrypt browser cookies and authenticate your account. Click OK to continue." = "CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for “%@” so it can decrypt browser cookies and authenticate your account. Click OK to continue.";
+"Codex dashboard extras" = "Codex dashboard extras";
+"Could not open browser for Antigravity" = "Could not open browser for Antigravity";
+"Credits history chart" = "Credits history chart";
+"Credits remaining" = "Credits remaining";
+"Cursor Login" = "Cursor Login";
+"Disabled — no recent data" = "Disabled — no recent data";
+"Drag to reorder" = "Drag to reorder";
+"Enterprise host" = "Enterprise host";
+"Extra usage" = "Extra usage";
+"Extra usage spent" = "Extra usage spent";
+"Full in ~%.0f regens" = "Full in ~%.0f regens";
+"Full in ~1 regen" = "Full in ~1 regen";
+"GitHub login succeeded, but CodexBar could not verify which account it belongs to. Please try again." = "GitHub login succeeded, but CodexBar could not verify which account it belongs to. Please try again.";
+"Google OAuth" = "Google OAuth";
+"Hover a bar for details" = "Hover a bar for details";
+"Keychain Access Required" = "Keychain Access Required";
+"Label" = "Label";
+"Last 30 days: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens" = "Last 30 days: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens";
+"Last 30 days: %@" = "Last 30 days: %@";
+"Login Failed" = "Login Failed";
+"Near full" = "Near full";
+"No %@ utilization data yet." = "No %@ utilization data yet.";
+"No cost history data available." = "No cost history data available.";
+"No credits history data available." = "No credits history data available.";
+"No data" = "No data";
+"No local data found" = "No local data found";
+"No system account" = "No system account";
+"No usage breakdown data available." = "No usage breakdown data available.";
+"No usage configured." = "No usage configured.";
+"No usage yet" = "No usage yet";
+"No utilization data yet." = "No utilization data yet.";
+"Not fetched yet" = "Not fetched yet";
+"Oasis-Token" = "Oasis-Token";
+"Oasis-Token=…" = "Oasis-Token=…";
+"Open Codebuff Dashboard" = "Open Codebuff Dashboard";
+"Open Command Code Settings" = "Open Command Code Settings";
+"Open Crof dashboard" = "Open Crof dashboard";
+"Open Manus" = "Open Manus";
+"Open MiMo Balance" = "Open MiMo Balance";
+"Open Moonshot Console" = "Open Moonshot Console";
+"Open StepFun Platform" = "Open StepFun Platform";
+"Open Token Plan" = "Open Token Plan";
+"Open Volcengine Ark Console" = "Open Volcengine Ark Console";
+"Open billing" = "Open billing";
+"Optional. Enter your GitHub Enterprise host, for example octocorp.ghe.com. Leave blank for github.com." = "Optional. Enter your GitHub Enterprise host, for example octocorp.ghe.com. Leave blank for github.com.";
+"Paste the Oasis-Token from a logged-in browser session on platform.stepfun.com." = "Paste the Oasis-Token from a logged-in browser session on platform.stepfun.com.";
+"Paste the Cookie header from a request to admin.mistral.ai. Must contain an ory_session_* cookie." = "Paste the Cookie header from a request to admin.mistral.ai. Must contain an ory_session_* cookie.";
+"Plan utilization chart" = "Plan utilization chart";
+"Plan: %@" = "Plan: %@";
+"Quota: %@ / %@" = "Quota: %@ / %@";
+"Refreshing" = "Refreshing";
+"Regenerates %@" = "Regenerates %@";
+"Reload" = "Reload";
+"Reorder" = "Reorder";
+"Show local disk usage in menus. Scans known provider-owned paths in the background." = "Show local disk usage in menus. Scans known provider-owned paths in the background.";
+"Show provider storage usage" = "Show provider storage usage";
+"Simulated error text" = "Simulated error text";
+"Storage" = "Storage";
+"Storage:" = "Storage:";
+"Source" = "Source";
+"Limits background chatgpt.com refreshes to reduce battery and network usage. Dashboard extras may stay stale until you refresh them manually." = "Limits background chatgpt.com refreshes to reduce battery and network usage. Dashboard extras may stay stale until you refresh them manually.";
+"This month" = "This month";
+"Today: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens" = "Today: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens";
+"Today: %@" = "Today: %@";
+"Token Refreshed" = "Token Refreshed";
+"Total (30d): %@ credits" = "Total (30d): %@ credits";
+"Total (30d): %@" = "Total (30d): %@";
+"Total: %@" = "Total: %@";
+"Unavailable" = "Unavailable";
+"Usage breakdown chart" = "Usage breakdown chart";
+"Usage used" = "Usage used";
+"Uses username + password to login and obtain an Oasis-Token automatically." = "Uses username + password to login and obtain an Oasis-Token automatically.";
+"Windsurf session JSON bundle" = "Windsurf session JSON bundle";
+"Workspace ID" = "Workspace ID";
+"You can return to the app; authentication finished." = "You can return to the app; authentication finished.";
+"Your StepFun platform password. Used to login and obtain a session token." = "Your StepFun platform password. Used to login and obtain a session token.";
+"after next regen" = "after next regen";
+"ark-..." = "ark-...";
+"cb_..." = "cb_...";
+"cpk-..." = "cpk-...";
+"crof_..." = "crof_...";
+"github.com" = "github.com";
+"kilo_..." = "kilo_...";
+"left" = "left";
+"just now" = "just now";
+"not detected" = "not detected";
+"not_found" = "Not found";
+"session_id=...\n\nor paste just the session_id value" = "session_id=...\n\nor paste just the session_id value";
+"sk-..." = "sk-...";
+"sk-or-v1-..." = "sk-or-v1-...";
+"used" = "used";
+"used after next regen" = "used after next regen";
+"usage" = "usage";
+"user@example.com" = "user@example.com";
+"the Claude Code OAuth token" = "the Claude Code OAuth token";
+"your Amp cookie header" = "your Amp cookie header";
+"your Augment cookie header" = "your Augment cookie header";
+"your Claude cookie header" = "your Claude cookie header";
+"your Claude usage" = "your Claude usage";
+"your Cursor cookie header" = "your Cursor cookie header";
+"your Factory cookie header" = "your Factory cookie header";
+"your GitHub Copilot token" = "your GitHub Copilot token";
+"your Kimi K2 API key" = "your Kimi K2 API key";
+"your Kimi auth token" = "your Kimi auth token";
+"your MiniMax API token" = "your MiniMax API token";
+"your MiniMax cookie header" = "your MiniMax cookie header";
+"your OpenAI cookie header" = "your OpenAI cookie header";
+"your OpenCode cookie header" = "your OpenCode cookie header";
+"your Synthetic API key" = "your Synthetic API key";
+"your z.ai API token" = "your z.ai API token";
+"wk-..." = "wk-...";
+"wrk_…" = "wrk_…";
+"~/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/IntelliJIdea2024.3" = "~/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/IntelliJIdea2024.3";
+"StepFun platform account (phone number or email)." = "StepFun platform account (phone number or email).";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json.";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your API key from the Volcengine Ark console." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your API key from the Volcengine Ark console.";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your key from openrouter.ai/settings/keys and set a key spending limit there to enable API key quota tracking." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your key from openrouter.ai/settings/keys and set a key spending limit there to enable API key quota tracking.";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. In Warp, open Settings > Platform > API Keys, then create one." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. In Warp, open Settings > Platform > API Keys, then create one.";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CODEBUFF_API_KEY or let CodexBar read ~/.config/manicode/credentials.json (created by `codebuff login`)." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CODEBUFF_API_KEY or let CodexBar read ~/.config/manicode/credentials.json (created by `codebuff login`).";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CROF_API_KEY." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CROF_API_KEY.";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide KILO_API_KEY or ~/.local/share/kilo/auth.json (kilo.access)." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide KILO_API_KEY or ~/.local/share/kilo/auth.json (kilo.access).";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide OPENAI_API_KEY." = "Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide OPENAI_API_KEY.";
+"The browser login did not complete in time. Try Antigravity login again." = "The browser login did not complete in time. Try Antigravity login again.";
+"Username" = "Username";
+"Password" = "Password";
+"Secure" = "Secure";
+"Secure subtitle" = "Secure subtitle";
+"Subtitle" = "Subtitle";
+"Managed Codex login did not complete. Try again after finishing the browser login flow." = "Managed Codex login did not complete. Try again after finishing the browser login flow.";
+"Codex login completed, but no account email was available. Try again after confirming the account is fully signed in." = "Codex login completed, but no account email was available. Try again after confirming the account is fully signed in.";
+"CodexBar found multiple workspaces, but no workspace was selected." = "CodexBar found multiple workspaces, but no workspace was selected.";
+"CodexBar could not read managed account storage. Recover the store before adding another account." = "CodexBar could not read managed account storage. Recover the store before adding another account.";
+"No output captured." = "No output captured.";
+"That account is no longer available in CodexBar. Refresh the account list and try again." = "That account is no longer available in CodexBar. Refresh the account list and try again.";
+"CodexBar could not find saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again." = "CodexBar could not find saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again.";
+"CodexBar could not read saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again." = "CodexBar could not read saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again.";
+"CodexBar could not read the current system account on this Mac." = "CodexBar could not read the current system account on this Mac.";
+"CodexBar could not safely preserve the current system account before switching." = "CodexBar could not safely preserve the current system account before switching.";
+"CodexBar can't replace a system account that is signed in with an API key only setup." = "CodexBar can't replace a system account that is signed in with an API key only setup.";
+"CodexBar found another managed account that already uses the current system account. Resolve the duplicate account before switching." = "CodexBar found another managed account that already uses the current system account. Resolve the duplicate account before switching.";
+"CodexBar could not save the current system account before switching." = "CodexBar could not save the current system account before switching.";
+"CodexBar could not update managed account storage." = "CodexBar could not update managed account storage.";
+"CodexBar could not replace the live Codex auth on this Mac." = "CodexBar could not replace the live Codex auth on this Mac.";
+"%1$@ · %2$@ · %3$@ credits" = "%1$@ · %2$@ · %3$@ credits";
+"%1$@/%2$@ left" = "%1$@/%2$@ left";
+"%@ left" = "%@ left";
+"%@ · %@" = "%@ · %@";
+"%d%% in deficit" = "%d%% in deficit";
+"%d%% in reserve" = "%d%% in reserve";
+"5-hour" = "5-hour";
+"API" = "API";
+"About CodexBar" = "About CodexBar";
+"Add Account..." = "Add Account...";
+"Auto" = "Auto";
+"Beta" = "Beta";
+"BigModel CN (open.bigmodel.cn)" = "BigModel CN (open.bigmodel.cn)";
+"CLI" = "CLI";
+"CLI (PTY)" = "CLI (PTY)";
+"CLI (RPC/PTY)" = "CLI (RPC/PTY)";
+"Cached: %@ • %@" = "Cached: %@ • %@";
+"Changelog" = "Changelog";
+"China (api.moonshot.cn)" = "China (api.moonshot.cn)";
+"China mainland (bailian.console.aliyun.com)" = "China mainland (bailian.console.aliyun.com)";
+"China mainland (platform.minimaxi.com)" = "China mainland (platform.minimaxi.com)";
+"Critical" = "Critical";
+"Cylon" = "Cylon";
+"Extra usage balance: %@" = "Extra usage balance: %@";
+"Global (api.z.ai)" = "Global (api.z.ai)";
+"Global (platform.minimax.io)" = "Global (platform.minimax.io)";
+"Info" = "Info";
+"International (api.moonshot.ai)" = "International (api.moonshot.ai)";
+"International (modelstudio.console.alibabacloud.com)" = "International (modelstudio.console.alibabacloud.com)";
+"Keychain access is disabled in Advanced, so browser cookie import is unavailable. %@" = "Keychain access is disabled in Advanced, so browser cookie import is unavailable. %@";
+"Knight Rider" = "Knight Rider";
+"Lasts until reset" = "Lasts until reset";
+"Local (SQLite cache)" = "Local (SQLite cache)";
+"Local IDE API" = "Local IDE API";
+"Monthly" = "Monthly";
+"OAuth API" = "OAuth API";
+"On pace" = "On pace";
+"Open Droid in Browser..." = "Open Droid in Browser...";
+"Outside-In" = "Outside-In";
+"Pace: %@" = "Pace: %@";
+"Pace: %@ · %@" = "Pace: %@ · %@";
+"Pulse" = "Pulse";
+"Quit" = "Quit";
+"Race" = "Race";
+"Receive only stable, production-ready releases." = "Receive only stable, production-ready releases.";
+"Receive stable releases plus beta previews." = "Receive stable releases plus beta previews.";
+"Refresh Session" = "Refresh Session";
+"Resets" = "Resets";
+"Resets %@" = "Resets %@";
+"Runs out in %@" = "Runs out in %@";
+"Runs out now" = "Runs out now";
+"Session" = "Session";
+"Settings..." = "Settings...";
+"Sonnet" = "Sonnet";
+"Stable" = "Stable";
+"Status Page" = "Status Page";
+"Switch Account..." = "Switch Account...";
+"System Account" = "System Account";
+"Trace" = "Trace";
+"Unbraid (logo → bars)" = "Unbraid (logo → bars)";
+"Updated %@" = "Updated %@";
+"Updated just now" = "Updated just now";
+"Update ready, restart now?" = "Update ready, restart now?";
+"Usage Dashboard" = "Usage Dashboard";
+"Verbose" = "Verbose";
+"Warning" = "Warning";
+"Web API (IndexedDB)" = "Web API (IndexedDB)";
+"Web API (cookies)" = "Web API (cookies)";
+"Weekly" = "Weekly";
+"in %1$d d %2$d h" = "in %1$dd %2$dh";
+"in %1$d h %2$d m" = "in %1$dh %2$dm";
+"in %d d" = "in %dd";
+"in %d h" = "in %dh";
+"in %d m" = "in %dm";
+"now" = "now";
+"source_api" = "API";
+"source_auto" = "Auto";
+"source_cached" = "Cached";
+"source_claude_cli" = "Claude CLI";
+"source_cli" = "CLI";
+"source_codex_cli" = "Codex CLI";
+"source_local" = "Local";
+"source_login" = "Login";
+"source_manual" = "Manual";
+"source_manual_cookie_header" = "Manual cookie header";
+"source_oauth" = "OAuth";
+"source_oauth_api" = "OAuth API";
+"source_off" = "Off";
+"source_openai_web" = "OpenAI Web";
+"source_web" = "Web";
+"source_windsurf_web" = "Windsurf Web";
+"tomorrow, %@" = "tomorrow, %@";
+"≈ %d%% run-out risk" = "≈ %d%% run-out risk";
+
 /* Cost estimation */
 "cost_header_estimated" = "Cost (estimated)";
 "cost_estimate_hint" = "Estimated from local logs · may differ from your bill";
+"Est. total (30d): %@" = "Est. total (30d): %@";
+"Estimated from local Codex logs for the selected account." = "Estimated from local Codex logs for the selected account.";
+"Estimated from local Claude logs at API rates; token totals include cache read/write tokens and may differ from Claude Code /status." = "Estimated from local Claude logs at API rates; token totals include cache read/write tokens and may differ from Claude Code /status.";
+"Estimated from local logs · may differ from your bill" = "Estimated from local logs · may differ from your bill";
+"Latest billing day" = "Latest billing day";
+"Latest billing day (%@)" = "Latest billing day (%@)";
+"Reported by AWS Cost Explorer; daily billing data can lag." = "Reported by AWS Cost Explorer; daily billing data can lag.";
+"Could not open Cursor login in your browser." = "Could not open Cursor login in your browser.";
+"Sign in to cursor.com in your browser, then refresh Cursor in CodexBar." = "Sign in to cursor.com in your browser, then refresh Cursor in CodexBar.";
+"Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@" = "Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@";
+"Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@ Last error: %@" = "Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@ Last error: %@";
+"Org ID (optional)" = "Org ID (optional)";
+"Optional organization ID for accounts linked to multiple Anthropic organizations." = "Optional organization ID for accounts linked to multiple Anthropic organizations.";
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings b/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings
index af4775eb6..a508d3c09 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings
@@ -1,369 +1,374 @@
 /* Chinese (Simplified) localization for CodexBar */
 
-" providers" = "";
-"(System)" = "";
-"30d" = "";
-"A managed Codex login is already running. Wait for it to finish before adding " = "";
-"API key" = "";
-"API region" = "";
-"API token" = "";
-"API tokens" = "";
-"About" = "";
-"Account" = "";
-"Accounts" = "";
-"Accounts subtitle" = "";
-"Active" = "";
-"Add" = "";
+" providers" = " 个提供商";
+"(System)" = "（系统）";
+"30d" = "30天";
+"A managed Codex login is already running. Wait for it to finish before adding " = "托管 Codex 登录已在运行。请等待完成后再添加 ";
+"API key" = "API 密钥";
+"API region" = "API 区域";
+"API token" = "API token";
+"API tokens" = "API tokens";
+"About" = "关于";
+"Account" = "账户";
+"Accounts" = "账户";
+"Accounts subtitle" = "账户副标题";
+"Active" = "活跃";
+"Add" = "添加";
 "Add Workspace" = "添加工作区";
-"Advanced" = "";
-"All" = "";
-"Always allow prompts" = "";
-"Animation pattern" = "";
-"Antigravity login is managed in the app" = "";
-"Applies only to the Security.framework OAuth keychain reader." = "";
-"Auto falls back to the next source if the preferred one fails." = "";
-"Auto uses API first, then falls back to CLI on auth failures." = "";
-"Auto-detect" = "";
-"Auto-refresh is off; use the menu's Refresh command." = "";
-"Auto-refresh: hourly · Timeout: 10m" = "";
-"Automatic" = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies and WorkOS tokens." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies and local storage tokens." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies for dashboard extras." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies for the web API." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies from Model Studio/Bailian." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies from admin.mistral.ai." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies from opencode.ai." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies or stored sessions." = "";
-"Automatic imports browser cookies." = "";
-"Automatically imports browser session cookie." = "";
-"Automatically opens CodexBar when you start your Mac." = "";
-"Automation" = "";
-"Average (\\(label1) + \\(label2))" = "";
-"Average (\\(metadata.sessionLabel) + \\(metadata.weeklyLabel))" = "";
-"Avoid Keychain prompts" = "";
-"Balance" = "";
-"Battery Saver" = "";
-"Bordered" = "";
-"Build" = "";
-"Built \\(buildTimestamp)" = "";
-"Buy Credits..." = "";
-"Buy Credits…" = "";
-"CLI paths" = "";
-"CLI sessions" = "";
-"Caches" = "";
+"Advanced" = "高级";
+"All" = "全部";
+"All Systems Operational" = "所有系统正常运行";
+"Always allow prompts" = "始终允许提示";
+"Animation pattern" = "动画模式";
+"Antigravity login is managed in the app" = "Antigravity 登录由应用管理";
+"Applies only to the Security.framework OAuth keychain reader." = "仅适用于 Security.framework OAuth 钥匙串读取器。";
+"Auto falls back to the next source if the preferred one fails." = "自动模式会在首选来源失败时回退到下一个来源。";
+"Auto uses API first, then falls back to CLI on auth failures." = "自动模式优先使用 API，认证失败时回退到 CLI。";
+"Auto-detect" = "自动检测";
+"Auto-refresh is off; use the menu's Refresh command." = "自动刷新已关闭；请使用菜单中的“刷新”命令。";
+"Auto-refresh: hourly · Timeout: 10m" = "自动刷新：每小时 · 超时：10分钟";
+"Automatic" = "自动";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies and WorkOS tokens." = "自动导入浏览器 Cookie 和 WorkOS tokens。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies and local storage tokens." = "自动导入浏览器 Cookie 和本地存储 tokens。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies for dashboard extras." = "自动导入用于仪表板扩展信息的浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies for the web API." = "自动导入 Web API 的浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies from Model Studio/Bailian." = "自动从 Model Studio/Bailian 导入浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies from admin.mistral.ai." = "自动从 admin.mistral.ai 导入浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies from opencode.ai." = "自动从 opencode.ai 导入浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies or stored sessions." = "自动导入浏览器 Cookie 或已存储会话。";
+"Automatic imports browser cookies." = "自动导入浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatically imports browser session cookie." = "自动导入浏览器会话 Cookie。";
+"Automatically opens CodexBar when you start your Mac." = "启动 Mac 时自动打开 CodexBar。";
+"Automation" = "自动化";
+"Average (\\(label1) + \\(label2))" = "平均（\\(label1) + \\(label2)）";
+"Average (\\(metadata.sessionLabel) + \\(metadata.weeklyLabel))" = "平均（\\(metadata.sessionLabel) + \\(metadata.weeklyLabel)）";
+"Avoid Keychain prompts" = "避免钥匙串提示";
+"Balance" = "余额";
+"Battery Saver" = "省电模式";
+"Bordered" = "带边框";
+"Build" = "构建";
+"Built \\(buildTimestamp)" = "构建于 \\(buildTimestamp)";
+"Buy Credits..." = "购买积分...";
+"Buy Credits…" = "购买积分…";
+"CLI paths" = "CLI 路径";
+"CLI sessions" = "CLI 会话";
+"Caches" = "缓存";
 "Cancel" = "取消";
-"Check for Updates…" = "";
-"Check for updates automatically" = "";
-"Check if you like your agents having some fun up there." = "";
-"Check provider status" = "";
+"Check for Updates…" = "检查更新…";
+"Check for updates automatically" = "自动检查更新";
+"Check if you like your agents having some fun up there." = "看看你是否喜欢你的智能体在上面找点乐子。";
+"Check provider status" = "检查提供商状态";
 "Choose Codex workspace" = "选择 Codex 工作区";
-"Choose the MiniMax host (global .io or China mainland .com)." = "";
-"Choose up to " = "";
-"Choose up to \\(Self.maxOverviewProviders) providers" = "";
-"Choose up to \\(count) providers" = "";
-"Choose what to show in the menu bar (Pace shows usage vs. expected)." = "";
-"Choose which Codex account CodexBar should follow." = "";
-"Choose which window drives the menu bar percent." = "";
-"Chrome" = "";
-"Claude CLI not found" = "";
-"Claude binary" = "";
-"Claude cookies" = "";
-"Claude login failed" = "";
-"Claude login timed out" = "";
-"Close" = "";
-"Code review" = "";
-"Codex CLI not found" = "";
-"Codex account login already running" = "";
-"Codex binary" = "";
-"Codex login failed" = "";
-"Codex login timed out" = "";
-"CodexBar Lifecycle Keepalive" = "";
-"CodexBar could not read managed account storage. " = "";
-"Configure…" = "";
-"Connected" = "";
-"Controls how much detail is logged." = "";
-"Cookie header" = "";
-"Cookie source" = "";
-"Cookie: ..." = "";
-"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste a cURL capture from the Abacus AI dashboard" = "";
-"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste the __Secure-next-auth.session-token value" = "";
-"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste the kimi-auth token value" = "";
-"Cookie: …" = "";
-"CopilotDeviceFlow" = "";
-"Cost" = "";
-"Could not add Codex account" = "";
-"Could not open Terminal for Gemini" = "";
-"Could not start claude /login" = "";
-"Could not start codex login" = "";
-"Could not switch system account" = "";
-"Credits" = "";
-"Credits history" = "";
-"Cursor login failed" = "";
-"Custom" = "";
-"Custom Path" = "";
-"Daily Routines" = "";
-"Debug" = "";
-"Default" = "";
-"Designs" = "";
-"Disable Keychain access" = "";
-"Disabled" = "";
-"Disconnected" = "";
-"Display" = "";
-"Display mode" = "";
-"Display reset times as absolute clock values instead of countdowns." = "";
-"Done" = "";
-"Effective PATH" = "";
-"Email" = "";
-"Enable Merge Icons to configure Overview tab providers." = "";
-"Enable file logging" = "";
-"Enabled" = "";
-"Error" = "";
-"Error simulation" = "";
-"Expose troubleshooting tools in the Debug tab." = "";
-"Failed" = "";
-"False" = "";
-"Fetch strategy attempts" = "";
-"Fetching" = "";
-"Field" = "";
-"Field subtitle" = "";
-"Finish the current managed account change before switching the system account." = "";
-"Force animation on next refresh" = "";
-"Gateway region" = "";
-"Gemini CLI not found" = "";
-"Gemini/Antigravity, surfacing incidents in the icon and menu." = "";
-"General" = "";
-"GitHub" = "";
+"Choose the MiniMax host (global .io or China mainland .com)." = "选择 MiniMax 主机（全球 .io 或中国大陆 .com）。";
+"Choose up to " = "最多选择 ";
+"Choose up to \\(Self.maxOverviewProviders) providers" = "最多选择 \\(Self.maxOverviewProviders) 个提供商";
+"Choose up to \\(count) providers" = "最多选择 \\(count) 个提供商";
+"Choose what to show in the menu bar (Pace shows usage vs. expected)." = "选择菜单栏显示内容（节奏显示用量与预期的对比）。";
+"Choose which Codex account CodexBar should follow." = "选择 CodexBar 要跟随的 Codex 账户。";
+"Choose which window drives the menu bar percent." = "选择哪个窗口驱动菜单栏百分比。";
+"Chrome" = "Chrome";
+"Claude CLI not found" = "未找到 Claude CLI";
+"Claude binary" = "Claude 二进制文件";
+"Claude cookies" = "Claude Cookie";
+"Claude login failed" = "Claude 登录失败";
+"Claude login timed out" = "Claude 登录超时";
+"Claude web usage" = "Claude Web 用量";
+"Close" = "关闭";
+"Code review" = "代码审查";
+"Codex CLI not found" = "未找到 Codex CLI";
+"Codex account login already running" = "Codex 账户登录已在运行";
+"Codex binary" = "Codex 二进制文件";
+"Codex login failed" = "Codex 登录失败";
+"Codex login timed out" = "Codex 登录超时";
+"CodexBar Lifecycle Keepalive" = "CodexBar 生命周期保活";
+"CodexBar could not read managed account storage. " = "CodexBar 无法读取托管账户存储。 ";
+"Configure…" = "配置…";
+"Connected" = "已连接";
+"Controls how much detail is logged." = "控制记录多少详细信息。";
+"Cookie header" = "Cookie 标头";
+"Cookie source" = "Cookie 来源";
+"Cookie: ..." = "Cookie: ...";
+"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste a cURL capture from the Abacus AI dashboard" = "Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\n或粘贴来自 Abacus AI 仪表板的 cURL 捕获";
+"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste the __Secure-next-auth.session-token value" = "Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\n或粘贴 __Secure-next-auth.session-token 的值";
+"Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\nor paste the kimi-auth token value" = "Cookie: \\u{2026}\\\n\\\n或粘贴 kimi-auth token 值";
+"Cookie: …" = "Cookie: …";
+"CopilotDeviceFlow" = "CopilotDeviceFlow";
+"Cost" = "费用";
+"Could not add Codex account" = "无法添加 Codex 账户";
+"Could not open Terminal for Gemini" = "无法为 Gemini 打开终端";
+"Could not start claude /login" = "无法启动 claude /login";
+"Could not start codex login" = "无法启动 codex login";
+"Could not switch system account" = "无法切换系统账户";
+"Credits" = "积分";
+"Credits history" = "积分历史";
+"Cursor login failed" = "Cursor 登录失败";
+"Custom" = "自定义";
+"Custom Path" = "自定义路径";
+"Daily Routines" = "每日例程";
+"Debug" = "调试";
+"Default" = "默认";
+"Designs" = "设计";
+"Disable Keychain access" = "禁用钥匙串访问";
+"Disabled" = "已禁用";
+"Disconnected" = "未连接";
+"Display" = "显示";
+"Display mode" = "显示模式";
+"Display reset times as absolute clock values instead of countdowns." = "将重置时间显示为绝对时钟值而不是倒计时。";
+"Done" = "完成";
+"Effective PATH" = "有效 PATH";
+"Email" = "电子邮件";
+"Enable Merge Icons to configure Overview tab providers." = "启用合并图标以配置概览标签提供商。";
+"Enable file logging" = "启用文件日志";
+"Enabled" = "已启用";
+"Error" = "错误";
+"Error simulation" = "错误模拟";
+"Expose troubleshooting tools in the Debug tab." = "在调试标签中显示故障排除工具。";
+"Failed" = "失败";
+"False" = "假";
+"Fetch strategy attempts" = "获取策略尝试";
+"Fetching" = "获取中";
+"Field" = "字段";
+"Field subtitle" = "字段副标题";
+"Finish the current managed account change before switching the system account." = "请先完成当前托管账户变更，再切换系统账户。";
+"Force animation on next refresh" = "下次刷新时强制动画";
+"Gateway region" = "网关区域";
+"Gemini CLI not found" = "未找到 Gemini CLI";
+"Gemini/Antigravity, surfacing incidents in the icon and menu." = "Gemini/Antigravity，并在图标和菜单中显示故障信息。";
+"General" = "通用";
+"GitHub" = "GitHub";
 "GitHub Copilot Login" = "GitHub Copilot 登录";
-"GitHub Login" = "";
+"GitHub Login" = "GitHub 登录";
 "Hide details" = "隐藏详情";
-"Hide personal information" = "";
-"Historical tracking" = "";
-"How often CodexBar polls providers in the background." = "";
-"Inactive" = "";
-"Install CLI" = "";
-"Install the Claude CLI (npm i -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code) and try again." = "";
-"Install the Codex CLI (npm i -g @openai/codex) and try again." = "";
-"Install the Gemini CLI (npm i -g @google/gemini-cli) and try again." = "";
+"Hide personal information" = "隐藏个人信息";
+"Historical tracking" = "历史跟踪";
+"How often CodexBar polls providers in the background." = "CodexBar 在后台轮询提供商的频率。";
+"Inactive" = "未活跃";
+"Install CLI" = "安装 CLI";
+"Install the Claude CLI (npm i -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code) and try again." = "请安装 Claude CLI（npm i -g @anthropic-ai/claude-code）后重试。";
+"Install the Codex CLI (npm i -g @openai/codex) and try again." = "请安装 Codex CLI（npm i -g @openai/codex）后重试。";
+"Install the Gemini CLI (npm i -g @google/gemini-cli) and try again." = "请安装 Gemini CLI（npm i -g @google/gemini-cli）后重试。";
 "JetBrains AI is ready" = "JetBrains AI 已就绪";
-"JetBrains IDE" = "";
-"Keep CLI sessions alive" = "";
-"Keyboard shortcut" = "";
-"Keychain access" = "";
-"Keychain prompt policy" = "";
-"Last \\(name) fetch failed:" = "";
-"Last \\(self.store.metadata(for: self.provider).displayName) fetch failed:" = "";
-"Last attempt" = "";
-"Link" = "";
-"Loading animations" = "";
-"Loading…" = "";
-"Local" = "";
-"Logging" = "";
-"Login failed" = "";
-"Login shell PATH (startup capture)" = "";
-"Login timed out" = "";
-"MCP details" = "";
-"Managed Codex accounts unavailable" = "";
-"Managed account storage is unreadable. Live account access is still available, " = "";
-"Manual" = "";
-"May your tokens never run out—keep agent limits in view." = "";
-"Menu bar" = "";
-"Menu bar auto-shows the provider closest to its rate limit." = "";
-"Menu bar metric" = "";
-"Menu bar shows percent" = "";
-"Menu content" = "";
-"Merge Icons" = "";
-"Never prompt" = "";
-"No" = "";
-"No Codex accounts detected yet." = "";
-"No JetBrains IDE detected" = "";
-"No cost history data." = "";
-"No credits history data." = "";
-"No data available" = "";
-"No data yet" = "";
-"No enabled providers available for Overview." = "";
-"No providers selected" = "";
-"No token accounts yet." = "";
-"No usage breakdown data." = "";
-"None" = "";
-"Notifications" = "";
-"Notifies when the 5-hour session quota hits 0% and when it becomes " = "";
+"JetBrains IDE" = "JetBrains IDE";
+"Keep CLI sessions alive" = "保持 CLI 会话存活";
+"Keyboard shortcut" = "快捷键";
+"Keychain access" = "钥匙串访问";
+"Keychain prompt policy" = "钥匙串提示策略";
+"Last \\(name) fetch failed:" = "上次获取 \\(name) 失败：";
+"Last \\(self.store.metadata(for: self.provider).displayName) fetch failed:" = "上次获取 \\(self.store.metadata(for: self.provider).displayName) 失败：";
+"Last attempt" = "上次尝试";
+"Link" = "链接";
+"Loading animations" = "加载动画";
+"Loading…" = "加载中…";
+"Local" = "本地";
+"Logging" = "日志";
+"Login failed" = "登录失败";
+"Login shell PATH (startup capture)" = "登录 shell PATH（启动捕获）";
+"Login timed out" = "登录超时";
+"MCP details" = "MCP 详情";
+"Managed Codex accounts unavailable" = "托管 Codex 账户不可用";
+"Managed account storage is unreadable. Live account access is still available, " = "托管账户存储不可读。实时账户访问仍可用，";
+"Manual" = "手动";
+"May your tokens never run out—keep agent limits in view." = "愿你的 tokens 永不耗尽——时刻关注智能体用量限制。";
+"Menu bar" = "菜单栏";
+"Menu bar auto-shows the provider closest to its rate limit." = "菜单栏自动显示最接近速率限制的提供商。";
+"Menu bar metric" = "菜单栏指标";
+"Menu bar shows percent" = "菜单栏显示百分比";
+"Menu content" = "菜单内容";
+"Merge Icons" = "合并图标";
+"Never prompt" = "从不提示";
+"No" = "否";
+"No Codex accounts detected yet." = "尚未检测到 Codex 账户。";
+"No JetBrains IDE detected" = "未检测到 JetBrains IDE";
+"No cost history data." = "暂无费用历史数据。";
+"No credits history data." = "暂无积分历史数据。";
+"No data available" = "暂无可用数据";
+"No data yet" = "暂无数据";
+"No enabled providers available for Overview." = "概览没有可用的已启用提供商。";
+"No providers selected" = "未选择提供商";
+"No token accounts yet." = "尚无 token 账户。";
+"No usage breakdown data." = "暂无用量明细数据。";
+"None" = "无";
+"Notifications" = "通知";
+"Notifies when the 5-hour session quota hits 0% and when it becomes " = "当 5 小时会话配额降至 0% 以及恢复可用时发送通知。";
 "OK" = "确定";
-"Obscure email addresses in the menu bar and menu UI." = "";
-"Off" = "";
-"Off-peak" = "";
-"Off-peak · peak in \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: minutes))" = "";
-"Offline" = "";
-"On" = "";
-"Online" = "";
-"Only on user action" = "";
-"Open" = "";
-"Open API Keys" = "";
-"Open Amp Settings" = "";
-"Open Antigravity to sign in, then refresh CodexBar." = "";
+"Obscure email addresses in the menu bar and menu UI." = "在菜单栏和菜单界面中隐藏电子邮件地址。";
+"Off" = "关闭";
+"Off-peak" = "非高峰";
+"Off-peak · peak in \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: minutes))" = "非高峰 · 高峰将在 \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: minutes)) 后开始";
+"Offline" = "离线";
+"On" = "开启";
+"Online" = "在线";
+"Only on user action" = "仅在用户操作时";
+"Open" = "打开";
+"Open API Keys" = "打开 API 密钥";
+"Open Amp Settings" = "打开 Amp 设置";
+"Open Antigravity to sign in, then refresh CodexBar." = "打开 Antigravity 登录，然后刷新 CodexBar。";
 "Open Browser" = "打开浏览器";
-"Open Coding Plan" = "";
-"Open Console" = "";
-"Open Dashboard" = "";
-"Open Mistral Admin" = "";
-"Open Ollama Settings" = "";
+"Open Coding Plan" = "打开 Coding Plan";
+"Open Console" = "打开控制台";
+"Open Dashboard" = "打开仪表板";
+"Open Mistral Admin" = "打开 Mistral 管理后台";
+"Open Ollama Settings" = "打开 Ollama 设置";
 "Open Terminal" = "打开终端";
-"Open Usage Page" = "";
-"Open Warp API Key Guide" = "";
-"Open menu" = "";
-"Open token file" = "";
-"OpenAI cookies" = "";
-"OpenAI web extras" = "";
-"Option A" = "";
-"Option B" = "";
-"Optional override if workspace lookup fails." = "";
-"Options" = "";
-"Override auto-detection with a custom IDE base path" = "";
-"Overview" = "";
-"Overview rows always follow provider order." = "";
-"Overview tab providers" = "";
-"Paste API key…" = "";
-"Paste API token…" = "";
-"Paste key…" = "";
-"Paste sessionKey or OAuth token…" = "";
-"Paste the Cookie header from a request to admin.mistral.ai. " = "";
-"Paste token…" = "";
-"Peak · ends in \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: remaining))" = "";
-"Personal" = "";
-"Picker" = "";
-"Picker subtitle" = "";
-"Placeholder" = "";
-"Plan" = "";
-"Play full-screen confetti when weekly usage resets." = "";
-"Polls OpenAI/Claude status pages and Google Workspace for " = "";
-"Prevents any Keychain access while enabled." = "";
-"Primary (API key limit)" = "";
-"Primary (\\(label))" = "";
-"Primary (\\(metadata.sessionLabel))" = "";
-"Probe logs" = "";
-"Progress bars fill as you consume quota (instead of showing remaining)." = "";
-"Provider" = "";
-"Providers" = "";
-"Quit CodexBar" = "";
-"Random (default)" = "";
-"Reads local usage logs. Shows today + last 30 days cost in the menu." = "";
-"Refresh" = "";
-"Refresh cadence" = "";
-"Remote" = "";
-"Remove" = "";
-"Remove Codex account?" = "";
-"Remove \\(account.email) from CodexBar? Its managed Codex home will be deleted." = "";
-"Remove \\(email) from CodexBar? Its managed Codex home will be deleted." = "";
-"Remove selected account" = "";
-"Replace critter bars with provider branding icons and a percentage." = "";
-"Replay selected animation" = "";
-"Requires authentication via GitHub Device Flow." = "";
-"Resets: \\(reset)" = "";
-"Rolling five-hour limit" = "";
-"Search hourly" = "";
-"Secondary (\\(label))" = "";
-"Secondary (\\(metadata.weeklyLabel))" = "";
-"Select a provider" = "";
-"Select the IDE to monitor" = "";
-"Session quota notifications" = "";
-"Session tokens" = "";
-"Settings" = "";
-"Show Codex Credits and Claude Extra usage sections in the menu." = "";
-"Show Debug Settings" = "";
-"Show all token accounts" = "";
-"Show cost summary" = "";
-"Show credits + extra usage" = "";
+"Open Usage Page" = "打开用量页面";
+"Open Warp API Key Guide" = "打开 Warp API 密钥指南";
+"Open menu" = "打开菜单";
+"Open token file" = "打开 token 文件";
+"OpenAI cookies" = "OpenAI Cookie";
+"OpenAI web extras" = "OpenAI Web 扩展信息";
+"Option A" = "选项 A";
+"Option B" = "选项 B";
+"Optional. Turn this on to show code review, usage breakdown, and credits history via chatgpt.com." = "可选。开启后可通过 chatgpt.com 显示代码审查、用量明细和积分历史。";
+"Optional override if workspace lookup fails." = "工作区查找失败时可选覆盖。";
+"Options" = "选项";
+"Override auto-detection with a custom IDE base path" = "使用自定义 IDE 基础路径覆盖自动检测";
+"Overview" = "概览";
+"Overview rows always follow provider order." = "概览行始终遵循提供商顺序。";
+"Overview tab providers" = "概览标签提供商";
+"Paste API key…" = "粘贴 API 密钥…";
+"Paste API token…" = "粘贴 API token…";
+"Paste key…" = "粘贴密钥…";
+"Paste sessionKey or OAuth token…" = "粘贴 sessionKey 或 OAuth token…";
+"Paste the Cookie header from a request to admin.mistral.ai. " = "粘贴来自 admin.mistral.ai 请求的 Cookie 标头。 ";
+"Paste token…" = "粘贴 token…";
+"Peak · ends in \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: remaining))" = "高峰 · 将在 \\(self.formatDuration(minutes: remaining)) 后结束";
+"Personal" = "个人";
+"Picker" = "选择器";
+"Picker subtitle" = "选择器副标题";
+"Placeholder" = "占位符";
+"Plan" = "计划";
+"Play full-screen confetti when weekly usage resets." = "当每周用量重置时播放全屏彩纸。";
+"Polls OpenAI/Claude status pages and Google Workspace for " = "轮询 OpenAI/Claude 状态页面和 Google Workspace 的 ";
+"Prevents any Keychain access while enabled." = "启用时阻止任何钥匙串访问。";
+"Primary (API key limit)" = "主要（API 密钥限制）";
+"Primary (\\(label))" = "主要（\\(label)）";
+"Primary (\\(metadata.sessionLabel))" = "主要（\\(metadata.sessionLabel)）";
+"Probe logs" = "探测日志";
+"Progress bars fill as you consume quota (instead of showing remaining)." = "进度条随用量消耗而填充（而非显示剩余量）。";
+"Provider" = "提供商";
+"Providers" = "提供商";
+"Quota usage" = "配额用量";
+"Quit CodexBar" = "退出 CodexBar";
+"Random (default)" = "随机（默认）";
+"Reads local usage logs. Shows today + last 30 days cost in the menu." = "读取本地使用日志。在菜单中显示今天及最近30天的费用。";
+"Refresh" = "刷新";
+"Refresh cadence" = "刷新频率";
+"Remote" = "远程";
+"Remove" = "移除";
+"Remove Codex account?" = "移除 Codex 账户？";
+"Remove \\(account.email) from CodexBar? Its managed Codex home will be deleted." = "从 CodexBar 中移除 \\(account.email)？其托管的 Codex 主目录将被删除。";
+"Remove \\(email) from CodexBar? Its managed Codex home will be deleted." = "从 CodexBar 中移除 \\(email)？其托管的 Codex 主目录将被删除。";
+"Remove selected account" = "移除所选账户";
+"Replace critter bars with provider branding icons and a percentage." = "将动态条替换为提供商品牌图标和百分比。";
+"Replay selected animation" = "重放选中的动画";
+"Requires authentication via GitHub Device Flow." = "需要通过 GitHub 设备流程认证。";
+"Resets: \\(reset)" = "重置：\\(reset)";
+"Rolling five-hour limit" = "滚动 5 小时限制";
+"Search hourly" = "每小时搜索";
+"Secondary (\\(label))" = "次要（\\(label)）";
+"Secondary (\\(metadata.weeklyLabel))" = "次要（\\(metadata.weeklyLabel)）";
+"Select a provider" = "选择一个提供商";
+"Select the IDE to monitor" = "选择要监控的 IDE";
+"Session quota notifications" = "会话配额通知";
+"Session tokens" = "会话 tokens";
+"Settings" = "设置";
+"Show Codex Credits and Claude Extra usage sections in the menu." = "在菜单中显示 Codex 积分和 Claude 额外用量部分。";
+"Show Debug Settings" = "显示调试设置";
+"Show all token accounts" = "显示所有 token 账户";
+"Show cost summary" = "显示费用摘要";
+"Show credits + extra usage" = "显示积分 + 额外用量";
 "Show details" = "显示详情";
-"Show most-used provider" = "";
-"Show peak hours indicator" = "";
-"Show provider icons in the switcher (otherwise show a weekly progress line)." = "";
-"Show reset time as clock" = "";
-"Show usage as used" = "";
-"Show whether Claude is in peak usage hours." = "";
-"Sign in via button below" = "";
-"Skip teardown between probes (debug-only)." = "";
-"Stack token accounts in the menu (otherwise show an account switcher bar)." = "";
-"Start at Login" = "";
-"Status" = "";
-"Store Claude sessionKey cookies or OAuth access tokens." = "";
-"Store multiple Abacus AI Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple Augment Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple Cursor Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple Factory Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple MiniMax Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple Mistral Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple Ollama Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple OpenCode Cookie headers." = "";
-"Store multiple OpenCode Go Cookie headers." = "";
-"Stored in the CodexBar config file." = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. " = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Generate one at kimi-k2.ai." = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste the key from the Synthetic dashboard." = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste your Coding Plan API key from Model Studio." = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste your MiniMax API key." = "";
-"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide KILO_API_KEY or " = "";
-"Stores local Codex usage history (8 weeks) to personalize Pace predictions." = "";
-"Subscription Utilization" = "";
+"Show most-used provider" = "显示用量最高的提供商";
+"Show peak hours indicator" = "显示高峰时段指示器";
+"Show provider icons in the switcher (otherwise show a weekly progress line)." = "在切换器中显示提供商图标（否则显示每周进度线）。";
+"Show reset time as clock" = "将重置时间显示为时钟";
+"Show usage as used" = "显示已使用用量";
+"Show whether Claude is in peak usage hours." = "显示 Claude 是否处于高峰用量时段。";
+"Sign in via button below" = "通过下方按钮登录";
+"Skip teardown between probes (debug-only)." = "探测之间跳过拆卸（仅限调试）。";
+"Stack token accounts in the menu (otherwise show an account switcher bar)." = "在菜单中堆叠 token 账户（否则显示账户切换栏）。";
+"Start at Login" = "开机启动";
+"Status" = "状态";
+"State" = "状态";
+"Store Claude sessionKey cookies or OAuth access tokens." = "存储 Claude sessionKey Cookie 或 OAuth access tokens。";
+"Store multiple Abacus AI Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Abacus AI Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple Augment Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Augment Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple Cursor Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Cursor Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple Factory Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Factory Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple MiniMax Cookie headers." = "存储多个 MiniMax Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple Mistral Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Mistral Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple Ollama Cookie headers." = "存储多个 Ollama Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple OpenCode Cookie headers." = "存储多个 OpenCode Cookie 标头。";
+"Store multiple OpenCode Go Cookie headers." = "存储多个 OpenCode Go Cookie 标头。";
+"Stored in the CodexBar config file." = "存储在 CodexBar 配置文件中。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. " = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。 ";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Generate one at kimi-k2.ai." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。请在 kimi-k2.ai 生成。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste the key from the Synthetic dashboard." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。粘贴 Synthetic 仪表板中的密钥。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste your Coding Plan API key from Model Studio." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。粘贴来自 Model Studio 的 Coding Plan API 密钥。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Paste your MiniMax API key." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。粘贴你的 MiniMax API 密钥。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide KILO_API_KEY or " = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。也可以提供 KILO_API_KEY 或 ";
+"Stores local Codex usage history (8 weeks) to personalize Pace predictions." = "存储本地 Codex 用量历史（8 周）以个性化节奏预测。";
+"Subscription Utilization" = "订阅使用率";
 "Surprise me" = "给我惊喜";
-"Switcher shows icons" = "";
-"Symlink CodexBarCLI to /usr/local/bin and /opt/homebrew/bin as codexbar." = "";
-"System" = "";
-"Temporarily shows the loading animation after the next refresh." = "";
-"Tertiary (\\(label))" = "";
-"Tertiary (\\(tertiaryTitle))" = "";
-"The default Codex account on this Mac." = "";
-"Toggle" = "";
-"Toggle subtitle" = "";
-"Token" = "";
-"Trigger the menu bar menu from anywhere." = "";
-"True" = "";
-"Twitter" = "";
-"Unsupported" = "";
-"Update Channel" = "";
-"Updated" = "";
-"Updates unavailable in this build." = "";
-"Usage" = "";
-"Usage breakdown" = "";
-"Usage history (30 days)" = "";
-"Usage source" = "";
-"Use BigModel for the China mainland endpoints (open.bigmodel.cn)." = "";
-"Use a single menu bar icon with a provider switcher." = "";
-"Use international or China mainland console gateways for quota fetches." = "";
-"Version" = "";
-"Version \\(self.versionString)" = "";
-"Version \\(version)" = "";
-"Version \\(versionString)" = "";
+"Switcher shows icons" = "切换器显示图标";
+"Symlink CodexBarCLI to /usr/local/bin and /opt/homebrew/bin as codexbar." = "将 CodexBarCLI 符号链接到 /usr/local/bin 和 /opt/homebrew/bin 作为 codexbar。";
+"System" = "系统";
+"Temporarily shows the loading animation after the next refresh." = "下次刷新后临时显示加载动画。";
+"Tertiary (\\(label))" = "第三（\\(label)）";
+"Tertiary (\\(tertiaryTitle))" = "第三（\\(tertiaryTitle)）";
+"The default Codex account on this Mac." = "此 Mac 上的默认 Codex 账户。";
+"Toggle" = "切换";
+"Toggle subtitle" = "切换副标题";
+"Token" = "Token";
+"Trigger the menu bar menu from anywhere." = "从任意位置触发菜单栏菜单。";
+"True" = "真";
+"Twitter" = "Twitter";
+"Unsupported" = "不支持";
+"Update Channel" = "更新频道";
+"Updated" = "已更新";
+"Updates unavailable in this build." = "此构建中更新不可用。";
+"Usage" = "用量";
+"Usage breakdown" = "用量明细";
+"Usage history (30 days)" = "用量历史（30 天）";
+"Usage source" = "用量来源";
+"Use BigModel for the China mainland endpoints (open.bigmodel.cn)." = "对中国大陆端点使用 BigModel（open.bigmodel.cn）。";
+"Use a single menu bar icon with a provider switcher." = "使用单个菜单栏图标并带提供商切换器。";
+"Use international or China mainland console gateways for quota fetches." = "使用国际或中国大陆控制台网关获取配额。";
+"Version" = "版本";
+"Version \\(self.versionString)" = "版本 \\(self.versionString)";
+"Version \\(version)" = "版本 \\(version)";
+"Version \\(versionString)" = "版本 \\(versionString)";
 "Vertex AI Login" = "Vertex AI 登录";
-"Wait for the current managed Codex login to finish before adding another account." = "";
+"Wait for the current managed Codex login to finish before adding another account." = "请等待当前托管 Codex 登录完成后再添加其他账户。";
 "Waiting for Authentication..." = "等待认证…";
-"Website" = "";
-"Weekly limit confetti" = "";
-"Weekly token limit" = "";
-"Weekly usage" = "";
+"Website" = "网站";
+"Weekly limit confetti" = "每周限制彩纸";
+"Weekly token limit" = "每周 token 限制";
+"Weekly usage" = "每周用量";
 "Weekly usage unavailable for this account." = "此账户的每周用量不可用。";
-"Window: \\(window)" = "";
+"Window: \\(window)" = "窗口：\\(window)";
 "Write logs to \\(self.fileLogPath) for debugging." = "将日志写入 \\(self.fileLogPath) 用于调试。";
-"Yes" = "";
-"\\(detail.modelCode): \\(usage)" = "";
-"\\(name): \\(truncated)" = "";
-"\\(name): \\(updated) · 30d \\(cost)" = "";
-"\\(name): fetching…\\(elapsed)" = "";
-"\\(name): last attempt \\(when)" = "";
-"\\(name): no data yet" = "";
-"\\(name): unsupported" = "";
-"all browsers" = "";
-"available again." = "";
+"Yes" = "是";
+"\\(detail.modelCode): \\(usage)" = "\\(detail.modelCode)：\\(usage)";
+"\\(name): \\(truncated)" = "\\(name)：\\(truncated)";
+"\\(name): \\(updated) · 30d \\(cost)" = "\\(name)：\\(updated) · 30天 \\(cost)";
+"\\(name): fetching…\\(elapsed)" = "\\(name)：获取中…\\(elapsed)";
+"\\(name): last attempt \\(when)" = "\\(name)：上次尝试 \\(when)";
+"\\(name): no data yet" = "\\(name)：暂无数据";
+"\\(name): unsupported" = "\\(name)：不支持";
+"all browsers" = "所有浏览器";
+"available again." = "再次可用。";
 "built_format" = "构建于 %@";
-"copilot_complete_in_browser" = "";
+"copilot_complete_in_browser" = "请在浏览器中完成登录。";
 "copilot_device_code" = "设备代码已复制到剪贴板：%1$@
 
 请在以下地址验证：%2$@";
-"copilot_device_code_copied" = "";
-"copilot_verify_at" = "";
+"copilot_device_code_copied" = "设备代码已复制。";
+"copilot_verify_at" = "请在 %@ 验证";
 "copilot_waiting_text" = "请在浏览器中完成登录。
 完成后此窗口将自动关闭。";
-"copilot_window_closes_auto" = "";
-"cost_status_error" = "%@：%@";
+"copilot_window_closes_auto" = "登录完成后此窗口将自动关闭。";
+"cost_status_error" = "%1$@：%2$@";
 "cost_status_fetching" = "%1$@：获取中…%2$@";
 "cost_status_last_attempt" = "%1$@：上次尝试 %2$@";
 "cost_status_no_data" = "%@：暂无数据";
@@ -375,7 +380,7 @@
 "extra_usage_format" = "额外用量：%1$@ / %2$@";
 "jetbrains_detected_generate" = "检测到：%@。使用一次 AI 助手以生成配额数据，然后刷新 CodexBar。";
 "jetbrains_detected_select" = "检测到：%@。在设置中选择您偏好的 IDE，然后刷新 CodexBar。";
-"last_fetch_failed_with_provider" = "上次获取 %1$@ 失败：";
+"last_fetch_failed_with_provider" = "上次获取 %@ 失败：";
 "last_spend" = "上次消耗：%@";
 "mcp_model_usage" = "%1$@：%2$@";
 "mcp_resets" = "重置：%@";
@@ -387,7 +392,7 @@
 "multiple_workspaces_found" = "CodexBar 发现了 %1$@ 的多个工作区。请选择要添加的工作区。";
 "off_peak" = "非高峰";
 "off_peak_peak_in" = "非高峰 · %@ 后进入高峰";
-"ory_session_…=…; csrftoken=…" = "";
+"ory_session_…=…; csrftoken=…" = "ory_session_…=…; csrftoken=…";
 "overview_choose_providers" = "选择最多 %1$@ 个提供商";
 "peak_ends_in" = "高峰 · %@ 后结束";
 "remove_account_message" = "从 CodexBar 中移除 %@？其托管的 Codex 主目录将被删除。";
@@ -400,8 +405,8 @@
 4. 设置项目：gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
 
 是否现在打开终端？";
-"workspaceID is set but only opencode and opencodego support workspaceID." = "";
-"© 2026 Peter Steinberger. MIT License." = "";
+"workspaceID is set but only opencode and opencodego support workspaceID." = "已设置 workspaceID，但只有 opencode 和 opencodego 支持 workspaceID。";
+"© 2026 Peter Steinberger. MIT License." = "© 2026 Peter Steinberger. MIT 许可证。";
 
 /* General Pane */
 "section_system" = "系统";
@@ -410,9 +415,9 @@
 "language_title" = "语言";
 "language_subtitle" = "更改显示语言。需要重启应用才能完全生效。";
 "language_system" = "跟随系统";
-"language_english" = "English";
+"language_english" = "英语";
 "language_chinese_simplified" = "简体中文";
-"language_portuguese_brazilian" = "Português (Brasil)";
+"language_portuguese_brazilian" = "葡萄牙语（巴西）";
 "start_at_login_title" = "开机启动";
 "start_at_login_subtitle" = "启动 Mac 时自动打开 CodexBar。";
 "show_cost_summary" = "显示费用摘要";
@@ -500,8 +505,8 @@
 "show_provider_changelog_links_subtitle" = "在菜单中为支持的 CLI 提供商添加发布说明链接。";
 "show_credits_extra_usage_title" = "显示积分 + 额外用量";
 "show_credits_extra_usage_subtitle" = "在菜单中显示 Codex 积分和 Claude 额外用量部分。";
-"show_all_token_accounts_title" = "显示所有令牌账户";
-"show_all_token_accounts_subtitle" = "在菜单中堆叠令牌账户（否则显示账户切换栏）。";
+"show_all_token_accounts_title" = "显示所有 token 账户";
+"show_all_token_accounts_subtitle" = "在菜单中堆叠 token 账户（否则显示账户切换栏）。";
 "multi_account_layout_title" = "多账户布局";
 "multi_account_layout_subtitle" = "选择分段账户切换或堆叠账户卡片。";
 "multi_account_layout_segmented" = "分段";
@@ -535,7 +540,7 @@
 "disable_keychain_access_subtitle" = "启用时阻止任何钥匙串访问。";
 
 /* About Pane */
-"about_tagline" = "愿你的令牌永不耗尽——时刻关注智能体限制。";
+"about_tagline" = "愿你的 tokens 永不耗尽——时刻关注智能体用量限制。";
 "link_github" = "GitHub";
 "link_website" = "网站";
 "link_twitter" = "Twitter";
@@ -544,7 +549,7 @@
 "update_channel" = "更新频道";
 "check_for_updates" = "检查更新…";
 "updates_unavailable" = "此构建中更新不可用。";
-"copyright" = "© 2026 Peter Steinberger. MIT License.";
+"copyright" = "© 2026 Peter Steinberger. MIT 许可证。";
 
 /* Debug Pane */
 "section_logging" = "日志";
@@ -638,6 +643,296 @@
 /* Additional keys */
 "not_found" = "未找到";
 
+/* Runtime menu and provider details */
+"%.0f%% used" = "已用 %.0f%%";
+"%1$@ days of usage data across %2$@ services" = "%1$@ 天用量数据，覆盖 %2$@ 项服务";
+"%1$@: %2$@" = "%1$@：%2$@";
+"%1$@: %2$@ / %3$@" = "%1$@：%2$@ / %3$@";
+"%1$@: %2$@ credits" = "%1$@：%2$@ 积分";
+"%1$@: %2$@ · %3$@ tokens" = "%1$@：%2$@ · %3$@ tokens";
+"%1$@: %2$@%% used" = "%1$@：已用 %2$@%%";
+"%@ days of cost data" = "%@ 天费用数据";
+"%@ days of credits data" = "%@ 天积分数据";
+"%@ login successful" = "%@ 登录成功";
+"%@ more items" = "还有 %@ 个项目";
+"%@ percent" = "%@%%";
+"%@ unreadable item(s) skipped" = "已跳过 %@ 个不可读项目";
+"%@ utilization samples" = "%@ 个使用率样本";
+"Account Added" = "账户已添加";
+"Account: %@" = "账户：%@";
+"Activity: %@" = "活动：%@";
+"Add Account" = "添加账户";
+"Add accounts via GitHub OAuth Device Flow on the selected host." = "通过所选主机上的 GitHub OAuth 设备流程添加账户。";
+"Antigravity login failed" = "Antigravity 登录失败";
+"Antigravity login timed out" = "Antigravity 登录超时";
+"Auth source" = "认证来源";
+"Auto uses the local IDE API first, then Google OAuth when the IDE is closed." = "自动模式优先使用本地 IDE API；IDE 关闭时使用 Google OAuth。";
+"Automatic imports Chrome browser cookies from Xiaomi MiMo." = "自动从 Chrome 导入小米 MiMo 的浏览器 Cookie。";
+"Automatic imports Windsurf session data from Chromium browser localStorage." = "自动从 Chromium 浏览器 localStorage 导入 Windsurf 会话数据。";
+"Automatically imports browser session cookies." = "自动导入浏览器会话 Cookie。";
+"Balance: %@" = "余额：%@";
+"Buy Credits" = "购买积分";
+"Choose the Moonshot/Kimi API host for international or China mainland accounts." = "选择 Moonshot/Kimi API 主机，用于国际或中国大陆账户。";
+"Cleanup ideas" = "清理建议";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste a cURL capture from the Abacus AI dashboard" = "Cookie: …\n\n或粘贴来自 Abacus AI 仪表板的 cURL 捕获";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste the __Secure-next-auth.session-token value" = "Cookie: …\n\n或粘贴 __Secure-next-auth.session-token 的值";
+"Cookie: …\n\nor paste the kimi-auth token value" = "Cookie: …\n\n或粘贴 kimi-auth token 值";
+"Copied" = "已复制";
+"Copy error" = "复制错误";
+"Copy path" = "复制路径";
+"Cost history chart" = "费用历史图表";
+"Could Not Identify GitHub Account" = "无法识别 GitHub 账户";
+"CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for %@ so it can fetch %@. Click OK to continue." = "CodexBar 会向 macOS 钥匙串请求%@，以便获取%@。点击“确定”继续。";
+"CodexBar will ask macOS Keychain for “%@” so it can decrypt browser cookies and authenticate your account. Click OK to continue." = "CodexBar 会向 macOS 钥匙串请求“%@”，以便解密浏览器 Cookie 并认证你的账户。点击“确定”继续。";
+"Codex dashboard extras" = "Codex 仪表板扩展信息";
+"Could not open browser for Antigravity" = "无法为 Antigravity 打开浏览器";
+"Credits history chart" = "积分历史图表";
+"Credits remaining" = "剩余积分";
+"Cursor Login" = "Cursor 登录";
+"Disabled — no recent data" = "已禁用 - 无近期数据";
+"Drag to reorder" = "拖动以重新排序";
+"Enterprise host" = "企业主机";
+"Extra usage" = "额外用量";
+"Extra usage spent" = "额外用量消耗";
+"Full in ~%.0f regens" = "约 %.0f 次恢复后满额";
+"Full in ~1 regen" = "约 1 次恢复后满额";
+"GitHub login succeeded, but CodexBar could not verify which account it belongs to. Please try again." = "GitHub 登录已成功，但 CodexBar 无法确认它属于哪个账户。请重试。";
+"Google OAuth" = "Google OAuth";
+"Hover a bar for details" = "悬停在柱形图上查看详情";
+"Keychain Access Required" = "需要访问钥匙串";
+"Label" = "标签";
+"Last 30 days: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens" = "最近 30 天：%1$@ · %2$@ tokens";
+"Last 30 days: %@" = "最近 30 天：%@";
+"Login Failed" = "登录失败";
+"Near full" = "接近满额";
+"No %@ utilization data yet." = "尚无%@使用率数据。";
+"No cost history data available." = "暂无可用的费用历史数据。";
+"No credits history data available." = "暂无可用的积分历史数据。";
+"No data" = "无数据";
+"No local data found" = "未找到本地数据";
+"No system account" = "无系统账户";
+"No usage breakdown data available." = "暂无可用的用量明细数据。";
+"No usage configured." = "未配置用量。";
+"No usage yet" = "尚无用量";
+"No utilization data yet." = "尚无使用率数据。";
+"Not fetched yet" = "尚未获取";
+"Oasis-Token" = "Oasis-Token";
+"Oasis-Token=…" = "Oasis-Token=…";
+"Open Codebuff Dashboard" = "打开 Codebuff 仪表板";
+"Open Command Code Settings" = "打开 Command Code 设置";
+"Open Crof dashboard" = "打开 Crof 仪表板";
+"Open Manus" = "打开 Manus";
+"Open MiMo Balance" = "打开 MiMo 余额";
+"Open Moonshot Console" = "打开 Moonshot 控制台";
+"Open StepFun Platform" = "打开 StepFun 平台";
+"Open Token Plan" = "打开 Token 套餐";
+"Open Volcengine Ark Console" = "打开火山引擎 Ark 控制台";
+"Open billing" = "打开账单";
+"Optional. Enter your GitHub Enterprise host, for example octocorp.ghe.com. Leave blank for github.com." = "可选。输入你的 GitHub Enterprise 主机，例如 octocorp.ghe.com。留空则使用 github.com。";
+"Paste the Oasis-Token from a logged-in browser session on platform.stepfun.com." = "粘贴 platform.stepfun.com 已登录浏览器会话中的 Oasis-Token。";
+"Paste the Cookie header from a request to admin.mistral.ai. Must contain an ory_session_* cookie." = "粘贴来自 admin.mistral.ai 请求的 Cookie 标头。必须包含 ory_session_* Cookie。";
+"Plan utilization chart" = "计划使用率图表";
+"Plan: %@" = "计划：%@";
+"Quota: %@ / %@" = "配额：%@ / %@";
+"Refreshing" = "刷新中";
+"Regenerates %@" = "%@ 后恢复";
+"Reload" = "重新加载";
+"Reorder" = "重新排序";
+"Show local disk usage in menus. Scans known provider-owned paths in the background." = "在菜单中显示本地磁盘用量。后台扫描已知的提供商数据路径。";
+"Show provider storage usage" = "显示提供商存储用量";
+"Simulated error text" = "模拟错误文本";
+"Storage" = "存储";
+"Storage:" = "存储：";
+"Source" = "来源";
+"Limits background chatgpt.com refreshes to reduce battery and network usage. Dashboard extras may stay stale until you refresh them manually." = "限制后台 chatgpt.com 刷新以降低电池和网络消耗。仪表板扩展信息可能会保持旧数据，直到你手动刷新。";
+"This month" = "本月";
+"Today: %1$@ · %2$@ tokens" = "今天：%1$@ · %2$@ tokens";
+"Today: %@" = "今天：%@";
+"Token Refreshed" = "Token 已刷新";
+"Total (30d): %@ credits" = "总计（30 天）：%@ 积分";
+"Total (30d): %@" = "总计（30 天）：%@";
+"Total: %@" = "总计：%@";
+"Unavailable" = "不可用";
+"Usage breakdown chart" = "用量明细图表";
+"Usage used" = "已用用量";
+"Uses username + password to login and obtain an Oasis-Token automatically." = "使用用户名和密码登录并自动获取 Oasis-Token。";
+"Windsurf session JSON bundle" = "Windsurf 会话 JSON 包";
+"Workspace ID" = "工作区 ID";
+"You can return to the app; authentication finished." = "认证已完成，可以返回应用。";
+"Your StepFun platform password. Used to login and obtain a session token." = "你的 StepFun 平台密码。用于登录并获取会话 token。";
+"after next regen" = "下次恢复后";
+"ark-..." = "ark-...";
+"cb_..." = "cb_...";
+"cpk-..." = "cpk-...";
+"crof_..." = "crof_...";
+"github.com" = "github.com";
+"kilo_..." = "kilo_...";
+"left" = "剩余";
+"just now" = "刚刚";
+"not detected" = "未检测到";
+"session_id=...\n\nor paste just the session_id value" = "session_id=...\n\n或仅粘贴 session_id 值";
+"sk-..." = "sk-...";
+"sk-or-v1-..." = "sk-or-v1-...";
+"used" = "已用";
+"used after next regen" = "下次恢复后已用";
+"usage" = "用量";
+"user@example.com" = "user@example.com";
+"the Claude Code OAuth token" = "Claude Code OAuth token";
+"your Amp cookie header" = "你的 Amp Cookie 标头";
+"your Augment cookie header" = "你的 Augment Cookie 标头";
+"your Claude cookie header" = "你的 Claude Cookie 标头";
+"your Claude usage" = "你的 Claude 用量";
+"your Cursor cookie header" = "你的 Cursor Cookie 标头";
+"your Factory cookie header" = "你的 Factory Cookie 标头";
+"your GitHub Copilot token" = "你的 GitHub Copilot token";
+"your Kimi K2 API key" = "你的 Kimi K2 API 密钥";
+"your Kimi auth token" = "你的 Kimi auth token";
+"your MiniMax API token" = "你的 MiniMax API token";
+"your MiniMax cookie header" = "你的 MiniMax Cookie 标头";
+"your OpenAI cookie header" = "你的 OpenAI Cookie 标头";
+"your OpenCode cookie header" = "你的 OpenCode Cookie 标头";
+"your Synthetic API key" = "你的 Synthetic API 密钥";
+"your z.ai API token" = "你的 z.ai API token";
+"wk-..." = "wk-...";
+"wrk_…" = "wrk_…";
+"~/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/IntelliJIdea2024.3" = "~/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/IntelliJIdea2024.3";
+"StepFun platform account (phone number or email)." = "StepFun 平台账户（手机号或电子邮件）。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your API key from the Volcengine Ark console." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。请从火山引擎 Ark 控制台获取 API 密钥。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. Get your key from openrouter.ai/settings/keys and set a key spending limit there to enable API key quota tracking." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。请从 openrouter.ai/settings/keys 获取密钥，并在那里设置密钥消费上限以启用 API 密钥配额跟踪。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. In Warp, open Settings > Platform > API Keys, then create one." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。在 Warp 中打开 Settings > Platform > API Keys，然后创建一个密钥。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CODEBUFF_API_KEY or let CodexBar read ~/.config/manicode/credentials.json (created by `codebuff login`)." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。也可以提供 CODEBUFF_API_KEY，或让 CodexBar 读取 ~/.config/manicode/credentials.json（由 `codebuff login` 创建）。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide CROF_API_KEY." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。也可以提供 CROF_API_KEY。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide KILO_API_KEY or ~/.local/share/kilo/auth.json (kilo.access)." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。也可以提供 KILO_API_KEY 或 ~/.local/share/kilo/auth.json（kilo.access）。";
+"Stored in ~/.codexbar/config.json. You can also provide OPENAI_API_KEY." = "存储在 ~/.codexbar/config.json。也可以提供 OPENAI_API_KEY。";
+"The browser login did not complete in time. Try Antigravity login again." = "浏览器登录未及时完成。请重新尝试 Antigravity 登录。";
+"Username" = "用户名";
+"Password" = "密码";
+"Secure" = "安全";
+"Secure subtitle" = "安全副标题";
+"Subtitle" = "副标题";
+"Managed Codex login did not complete. Try again after finishing the browser login flow." = "托管 Codex 登录未完成。请完成浏览器登录流程后重试。";
+"Codex login completed, but no account email was available. Try again after confirming the account is fully signed in." = "Codex 登录已完成，但没有可用的账户电子邮件。确认账户已完全登录后请重试。";
+"CodexBar found multiple workspaces, but no workspace was selected." = "CodexBar 找到了多个工作区，但未选择任何工作区。";
+"CodexBar could not read managed account storage. Recover the store before adding another account." = "CodexBar 无法读取托管账户存储。请先恢复该存储，再添加其他账户。";
+"No output captured." = "未捕获到输出。";
+"That account is no longer available in CodexBar. Refresh the account list and try again." = "该账户在 CodexBar 中不再可用。请刷新账户列表后重试。";
+"CodexBar could not find saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again." = "CodexBar 找不到该账户保存的认证信息。请重新认证后重试。";
+"CodexBar could not read saved auth for that account. Re-authenticate it and try again." = "CodexBar 无法读取该账户保存的认证信息。请重新认证后重试。";
+"CodexBar could not read the current system account on this Mac." = "CodexBar 无法读取此 Mac 上的当前系统账户。";
+"CodexBar could not safely preserve the current system account before switching." = "CodexBar 在切换前无法安全保留当前系统账户。";
+"CodexBar can't replace a system account that is signed in with an API key only setup." = "CodexBar 无法替换仅使用 API 密钥登录的系统账户。";
+"CodexBar found another managed account that already uses the current system account. Resolve the duplicate account before switching." = "CodexBar 发现另一个托管账户已使用当前系统账户。请先解决重复账户再切换。";
+"CodexBar could not save the current system account before switching." = "CodexBar 在切换前无法保存当前系统账户。";
+"CodexBar could not update managed account storage." = "CodexBar 无法更新托管账户存储。";
+"CodexBar could not replace the live Codex auth on this Mac." = "CodexBar 无法替换此 Mac 上的实时 Codex 认证。";
+"%1$@ · %2$@ · %3$@ credits" = "%1$@ · %2$@ · %3$@ 点数";
+"%1$@/%2$@ left" = "剩余 %1$@/%2$@";
+"%@ left" = "剩余 %@";
+"%@ · %@" = "%@ · %@";
+"%d%% in deficit" = "超额 %d%%";
+"%d%% in reserve" = "余量 %d%%";
+"5-hour" = "5 小时";
+"API" = "API";
+"About CodexBar" = "关于 CodexBar";
+"Add Account..." = "添加账户...";
+"Auto" = "自动";
+"Beta" = "Beta";
+"BigModel CN (open.bigmodel.cn)" = "BigModel CN (open.bigmodel.cn)";
+"CLI" = "CLI";
+"CLI (PTY)" = "CLI (PTY)";
+"CLI (RPC/PTY)" = "CLI (RPC/PTY)";
+"Cached: %@ • %@" = "已缓存：%@ • %@";
+"Changelog" = "更新日志";
+"China (api.moonshot.cn)" = "中国（api.moonshot.cn）";
+"China mainland (bailian.console.aliyun.com)" = "中国大陆（bailian.console.aliyun.com）";
+"China mainland (platform.minimaxi.com)" = "中国大陆（platform.minimaxi.com）";
+"Critical" = "严重";
+"Cylon" = "赛昂";
+"Extra usage balance: %@" = "额外用量余额：%@";
+"Global (api.z.ai)" = "全球（api.z.ai）";
+"Global (platform.minimax.io)" = "全球（platform.minimax.io）";
+"Info" = "信息";
+"International (api.moonshot.ai)" = "国际（api.moonshot.ai）";
+"International (modelstudio.console.alibabacloud.com)" = "国际（modelstudio.console.alibabacloud.com）";
+"Keychain access is disabled in Advanced, so browser cookie import is unavailable. %@" = "高级设置中已禁用钥匙串访问，因此无法导入浏览器 Cookie。%@";
+"Knight Rider" = "霹雳游侠";
+"Lasts until reset" = "可持续到重置";
+"Local (SQLite cache)" = "本地（SQLite 缓存）";
+"Local IDE API" = "本地 IDE API";
+"Monthly" = "每月";
+"OAuth API" = "OAuth API";
+"On pace" = "节奏正常";
+"Open Droid in Browser..." = "在浏览器中打开 Droid...";
+"Outside-In" = "由外向内";
+"Pace: %@" = "节奏：%@";
+"Pace: %@ · %@" = "节奏：%@ · %@";
+"Pulse" = "脉冲";
+"Quit" = "退出";
+"Race" = "竞速";
+"Receive only stable, production-ready releases." = "仅接收稳定的生产就绪版本。";
+"Receive stable releases plus beta previews." = "接收稳定版本以及 Beta 预览版。";
+"Refresh Session" = "刷新会话";
+"Resets" = "重置";
+"Resets %@" = "重置：%@";
+"Runs out in %@" = "将在 %@ 用尽";
+"Runs out now" = "现在用尽";
+"Session" = "会话";
+"Settings..." = "设置...";
+"Sonnet" = "Sonnet";
+"Stable" = "稳定版";
+"Status Page" = "状态页";
+"Switch Account..." = "切换账户...";
+"System Account" = "系统账户";
+"Trace" = "跟踪";
+"Unbraid (logo → bars)" = "拆分（Logo → 条形）";
+"Updated %@" = "更新于 %@";
+"Updated just now" = "刚刚更新";
+"Update ready, restart now?" = "更新已就绪，要现在重启吗？";
+"Usage Dashboard" = "用量仪表板";
+"Verbose" = "详细";
+"Warning" = "警告";
+"Web API (IndexedDB)" = "Web API（IndexedDB）";
+"Web API (cookies)" = "Web API（Cookie）";
+"Weekly" = "每周";
+"in %1$d d %2$d h" = "%1$d天%2$d小时后";
+"in %1$d h %2$d m" = "%1$d小时%2$d分钟后";
+"in %d d" = "%d天后";
+"in %d h" = "%d小时后";
+"in %d m" = "%d分钟后";
+"now" = "现在";
+"source_api" = "API";
+"source_auto" = "自动";
+"source_cached" = "缓存";
+"source_claude_cli" = "Claude CLI";
+"source_cli" = "CLI";
+"source_codex_cli" = "Codex CLI";
+"source_local" = "本地";
+"source_login" = "登录";
+"source_manual" = "手动";
+"source_manual_cookie_header" = "手动 Cookie 标头";
+"source_oauth" = "OAuth";
+"source_oauth_api" = "OAuth API";
+"source_off" = "关闭";
+"source_openai_web" = "OpenAI Web";
+"source_web" = "Web";
+"source_windsurf_web" = "Windsurf Web";
+"tomorrow, %@" = "明天 %@";
+"≈ %d%% run-out risk" = "约 %d%% 用尽风险";
+
 /* Cost estimation */
 "cost_header_estimated" = "费用（估算）";
 "cost_estimate_hint" = "根据本地日志估算 · 可能与账单不同";
+"Est. total (30d): %@" = "估算总计（30 天）：%@";
+"Estimated from local Codex logs for the selected account." = "根据所选账户的本地 Codex 日志估算。";
+"Estimated from local Claude logs at API rates; token totals include cache read/write tokens and may differ from Claude Code /status." = "根据本地 Claude 日志按 API 费率估算；token 总数包含缓存读写 token，可能与 Claude Code /status 不同。";
+"Estimated from local logs · may differ from your bill" = "根据本地日志估算 · 可能与账单不同";
+"Latest billing day" = "最近账单日";
+"Latest billing day (%@)" = "最近账单日（%@）";
+"Reported by AWS Cost Explorer; daily billing data can lag." = "由 AWS Cost Explorer 报告；每日账单数据可能有延迟。";
+"Could not open Cursor login in your browser." = "无法在浏览器中打开 Cursor 登录。";
+"Sign in to cursor.com in your browser, then refresh Cursor in CodexBar." = "请在浏览器中登录 cursor.com，然后在 CodexBar 中刷新 Cursor。";
+"Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@" = "等待 Cursor 登录超时。%@";
+"Timed out waiting for Cursor login. %@ Last error: %@" = "等待 Cursor 登录超时。%@ 上次错误：%@";
+"Org ID (optional)" = "组织 ID（可选）";
+"Optional organization ID for accounts linked to multiple Anthropic organizations." = "适用于关联多个 Anthropic 组织的账户，可填写可选组织 ID。";
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Actions.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Actions.swift
index 07a151210..06485a079 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Actions.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Actions.swift
@@ -495,8 +495,8 @@ extension StatusItemController: StatusItemMenuPersistentActionDelegate {
 
     func presentLoginAlert(title: String, message: String) {
         let alert = NSAlert()
-        alert.messageText = title
-        alert.informativeText = message
+        alert.messageText = L(title)
+        alert.informativeText = L(message)
         alert.alertStyle = .warning
         alert.runModal()
     }
@@ -512,8 +512,8 @@ extension StatusItemController: StatusItemMenuPersistentActionDelegate {
 
     func postLoginNotification(for provider: UsageProvider) {
         let name = ProviderDescriptorRegistry.descriptor(for: provider).metadata.displayName
-        let title = "\(name) login successful"
-        let body = "You can return to the app; authentication finished."
+        let title = String(format: L("%@ login successful"), name)
+        let body = L("You can return to the app; authentication finished.")
         AppNotifications.shared.post(idPrefix: "login-\(provider.rawValue)", title: title, body: body)
     }
 
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+HostedSubmenus.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+HostedSubmenus.swift
index ed2f770ce..ea10412e1 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+HostedSubmenus.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+HostedSubmenus.swift
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
 
         guard !didHydrate else { return }
 
-        let unavailableItem = NSMenuItem(title: "No data available", action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+        let unavailableItem = NSMenuItem(title: L("No data available"), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
         unavailableItem.isEnabled = false
         unavailableItem.representedObject = chartID
         unavailableItem.toolTip = placeholder.toolTip
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Menu.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Menu.swift
index acddb311e..eb24afcee 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Menu.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+Menu.swift
@@ -720,30 +720,35 @@ extension StatusItemController {
             for entry in section.entries {
                 switch entry {
                 case let .text(text, style):
+                    let localizedText = L(text)
                     if style == .secondary {
-                        menu.addItem(self.makeWrappedSecondaryTextItem(text: text, width: width))
+                        menu.addItem(self.makeWrappedSecondaryTextItem(text: localizedText, width: width))
                         continue
                     }
-                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: text, action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: localizedText, action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
                     item.isEnabled = false
                     if style == .headline {
                         let font = NSFont.systemFont(ofSize: NSFont.systemFontSize, weight: .semibold)
-                        item.attributedTitle = NSAttributedString(string: text, attributes: [.font: font])
+                        item.attributedTitle = NSAttributedString(string: localizedText, attributes: [.font: font])
                     } else if style == .secondary {
                         let font = NSFont.systemFont(ofSize: NSFont.smallSystemFontSize)
                         item.attributedTitle = NSAttributedString(
-                            string: text,
+                            string: localizedText,
                             attributes: [.font: font, .foregroundColor: NSColor.secondaryLabelColor])
                     }
                     menu.addItem(item)
                 case let .action(title, action):
+                    let localizedTitle = L(title)
                     if case .refresh = action {
-                        menu.addItem(self.makePersistentMenuActionItem(title: title, action: action, width: width))
+                        menu.addItem(self.makePersistentMenuActionItem(
+                            title: localizedTitle,
+                            action: action,
+                            width: width))
                         continue
                     }
 
                     let (selector, represented) = self.selector(for: action)
-                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: title, action: selector, keyEquivalent: "")
+                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: localizedTitle, action: selector, keyEquivalent: "")
                     item.target = self
                     item.representedObject = represented
                     if let shortcut = self.shortcut(for: action) {
@@ -761,16 +766,17 @@ extension StatusItemController {
                        let subtitle = self.switchAccountSubtitle(for: targetProvider)
                     {
                         item.isEnabled = false
-                        self.applySubtitle(subtitle, to: item, title: title)
+                        self.applySubtitle(subtitle, to: item, title: localizedTitle)
                     } else if case .addCodexAccount = action,
                               let subtitle = self.codexAddAccountSubtitle()
                     {
                         item.isEnabled = false
-                        self.applySubtitle(subtitle, to: item, title: title)
+                        self.applySubtitle(subtitle, to: item, title: localizedTitle)
                     }
                     menu.addItem(item)
                 case let .submenu(title, systemImageName, submenuItems):
-                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: title, action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+                    let localizedTitle = L(title)
+                    let item = NSMenuItem(title: localizedTitle, action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
                     if let systemImageName,
                        let image = NSImage(systemSymbolName: systemImageName, accessibilityDescription: nil)
                     {
@@ -778,10 +784,10 @@ extension StatusItemController {
                         image.size = NSSize(width: 16, height: 16)
                         item.image = image
                     }
-                    let submenu = NSMenu(title: title)
+                    let submenu = NSMenu(title: localizedTitle)
                     submenu.autoenablesItems = false
                     for submenuItem in submenuItems {
-                        let child = NSMenuItem(title: submenuItem.title, action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+                        let child = NSMenuItem(title: L(submenuItem.title), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
                         child.state = submenuItem.isChecked ? .on : .off
                         child.isEnabled = submenuItem.isEnabled
                         if let action = submenuItem.action {
@@ -1422,7 +1428,10 @@ extension StatusItemController {
     }
 
     private func makeBuyCreditsItem() -> NSMenuItem {
-        let item = NSMenuItem(title: "Buy Credits...", action: #selector(self.openCreditsPurchase), keyEquivalent: "")
+        let item = NSMenuItem(
+            title: L("Buy Credits..."),
+            action: #selector(self.openCreditsPurchase),
+            keyEquivalent: "")
         item.target = self
         if let image = NSImage(systemSymbolName: "plus.circle", accessibilityDescription: nil) {
             image.isTemplate = true
@@ -1436,7 +1445,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
     private func addCreditsHistorySubmenu(to menu: NSMenu) -> Bool {
         guard let submenu = self.makeCreditsHistorySubmenu(width: self.renderedMenuWidth(for: menu))
         else { return false }
-        let item = NSMenuItem(title: "Credits history", action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+        let item = NSMenuItem(title: L("Credits history"), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
         item.isEnabled = true
         item.submenu = submenu
         menu.addItem(item)
@@ -1447,7 +1456,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
     private func addUsageBreakdownSubmenu(to menu: NSMenu) -> Bool {
         guard let submenu = self.makeUsageBreakdownSubmenu(width: self.renderedMenuWidth(for: menu))
         else { return false }
-        let item = NSMenuItem(title: "Usage breakdown", action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+        let item = NSMenuItem(title: L("Usage breakdown"), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
         item.isEnabled = true
         item.submenu = submenu
         menu.addItem(item)
@@ -1458,7 +1467,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
     private func addCostHistorySubmenu(to menu: NSMenu, provider: UsageProvider) -> Bool {
         guard let submenu = self.makeCostHistorySubmenu(provider: provider, width: self.renderedMenuWidth(for: menu))
         else { return false }
-        let item = NSMenuItem(title: "Usage history (30 days)", action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+        let item = NSMenuItem(title: L("Usage history (30 days)"), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
         item.isEnabled = true
         item.submenu = submenu
         menu.addItem(item)
@@ -1486,7 +1495,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
 
         let submenu = NSMenu()
         submenu.delegate = self
-        let titleItem = NSMenuItem(title: "MCP details", action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
+        let titleItem = NSMenuItem(title: L("MCP details"), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
         titleItem.isEnabled = false
         submenu.addItem(titleItem)
 
@@ -1497,8 +1506,8 @@ extension StatusItemController {
         }
         if let resetTime = timeLimit.nextResetTime {
             let reset = self.settings.resetTimeDisplayStyle == .absolute
-                ? UsageFormatter.resetDescription(from: resetTime)
-                : UsageFormatter.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetTime)
+                ? LocalizedUsageText.resetDescription(from: resetTime)
+                : LocalizedUsageText.resetCountdownDescription(from: resetTime)
             let item = NSMenuItem(title: String(format: L("mcp_resets"), reset), action: nil, keyEquivalent: "")
             item.isEnabled = false
             submenu.addItem(item)
@@ -1589,10 +1598,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
 
     @objc private func selectOverviewProvider(_ sender: NSMenuItem) {
         guard let represented = sender.representedObject as? String,
-              represented.hasPrefix(Self.overviewRowIdentifierPrefix)
-        else {
-            return
-        }
+              represented.hasPrefix(Self.overviewRowIdentifierPrefix) else { return }
         let rawProvider = String(represented.dropFirst(Self.overviewRowIdentifierPrefix.count))
         guard let provider = UsageProvider(rawValue: rawProvider),
               let menu = sender.menu
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+MenuTypes.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+MenuTypes.swift
index 88e5fa305..a8cbc2ba4 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+MenuTypes.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+MenuTypes.swift
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ struct OverviewMenuCardRowView: View {
             }
             if let storageText {
                 HStack(alignment: .firstTextBaseline, spacing: 4) {
-                    Text("Storage:")
+                    Text(L("Storage:"))
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(MenuHighlightStyle.secondary(self.isHighlighted))
                     Text(storageText)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+SwitcherViews.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+SwitcherViews.swift
index b24a932d4..a3d27f807 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+SwitcherViews.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+SwitcherViews.swift
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ final class ProviderSwitcherView: NSView {
                 Segment(
                     selection: .overview,
                     image: overviewIcon,
-                    title: "Overview"),
+                    title: L("Overview")),
                 at: 0)
         }
         self.segments = segments
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+UsageHistoryMenu.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+UsageHistoryMenu.swift
index 0259f26ab..f3d1ea45a 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+UsageHistoryMenu.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StatusItemController+UsageHistoryMenu.swift
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ extension StatusItemController {
         guard let submenu = self.makeUsageHistorySubmenu(provider: provider, width: width) else { return false }
         let item = self.makeMenuCardItem(
             HStack(spacing: 0) {
-                Text("Subscription Utilization")
+                Text(L("Subscription Utilization"))
                     .font(.system(size: NSFont.menuFont(ofSize: 0).pointSize))
                     .lineLimit(1)
                     .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/StorageBreakdownMenuView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/StorageBreakdownMenuView.swift
index dbdbfda72..e9e628daa 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/StorageBreakdownMenuView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/StorageBreakdownMenuView.swift
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ struct StorageMenuCardSectionView: View {
 
     var body: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
-            Text("Storage")
+            Text(L("Storage"))
                 .font(.body)
                 .fontWeight(.medium)
             Text(self.storageText)
@@ -67,16 +67,16 @@ struct StorageBreakdownMenuView: View {
     private var content: some View {
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
             VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 3) {
-                Text("Storage")
+                Text(L("Storage"))
                     .font(.body)
                     .fontWeight(.medium)
-                Text("Total: \(UsageFormatter.byteCountString(self.footprint.totalBytes))")
+                Text(String(format: L("Total: %@"), UsageFormatter.byteCountString(self.footprint.totalBytes)))
                     .font(.caption)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             }
 
             if self.visibleComponents.isEmpty {
-                Text("No local data found")
+                Text(L("No local data found"))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             } else {
@@ -88,7 +88,9 @@ struct StorageBreakdownMenuView: View {
             }
 
             if self.footprint.components.count > self.visibleComponents.count {
-                Text("\(self.footprint.components.count - self.visibleComponents.count) more items")
+                Text(String(
+                    format: L("%@ more items"),
+                    "\(self.footprint.components.count - self.visibleComponents.count)"))
                     .font(.caption)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             }
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ struct StorageBreakdownMenuView: View {
                 Divider()
                     .padding(.vertical, 2)
                 VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
-                    Text("Cleanup ideas")
+                    Text(L("Cleanup ideas"))
                         .font(.body)
                         .fontWeight(.medium)
                     ForEach(self.cleanupRecommendations) { recommendation in
@@ -105,7 +107,9 @@ struct StorageBreakdownMenuView: View {
                 }
             }
             if !self.footprint.unreadablePaths.isEmpty {
-                Text("\(self.footprint.unreadablePaths.count) unreadable item(s) skipped")
+                Text(String(
+                    format: L("%@ unreadable item(s) skipped"),
+                    "\(self.footprint.unreadablePaths.count)"))
                     .font(.caption)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             }
@@ -210,8 +214,8 @@ struct StoragePathCopyButton: View {
                 .contentShape(Rectangle())
         }
         .buttonStyle(.plain)
-        .help(self.didCopy ? "Copied" : "Copy path")
-        .accessibilityLabel(self.didCopy ? "Copied" : "Copy path")
+        .help(self.didCopy ? L("Copied") : L("Copy path"))
+        .accessibilityLabel(self.didCopy ? L("Copied") : L("Copy path"))
     }
 
     static func copyToPasteboard(_ path: String) {
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageBreakdownChartMenuView.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageBreakdownChartMenuView.swift
index ad53befa3..ab12ede0d 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageBreakdownChartMenuView.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageBreakdownChartMenuView.swift
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ struct UsageBreakdownChartMenuView: View {
         let model = Self.makeModel(from: self.breakdown)
         VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
             if model.points.isEmpty {
-                Text("No usage breakdown data.")
+                Text(L("No usage breakdown data."))
                     .font(.footnote)
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
-                    .accessibilityLabel("No usage breakdown data available.")
+                    .accessibilityLabel(L("No usage breakdown data available."))
             } else {
                 Chart {
                     ForEach(model.points) { point in
@@ -65,11 +65,14 @@ struct UsageBreakdownChartMenuView: View {
                 }
                 .chartLegend(.hidden)
                 .frame(height: 130)
-                .accessibilityLabel("Usage breakdown chart")
+                .accessibilityLabel(L("Usage breakdown chart"))
                 .accessibilityValue(
                     model.points.isEmpty
-                        ? "No data"
-                        : "\(model.points.count) days of usage data across \(model.services.count) services")
+                        ? L("No data")
+                        : String(
+                            format: L("%1$@ days of usage data across %2$@ services"),
+                            "\(model.points.count)",
+                            "\(model.services.count)"))
                 .chartOverlay { proxy in
                     GeometryReader { geo in
                         ZStack(alignment: .topLeading) {
@@ -368,17 +371,17 @@ struct UsageBreakdownChartMenuView: View {
               let day = model.breakdownByDayKey[key],
               let date = Self.dateFromDayKey(key)
         else {
-            return ("Hover a bar for details", nil)
+            return (L("Hover a bar for details"), nil)
         }
 
         let dayLabel = date.formatted(.dateTime.month(.abbreviated).day())
         let total = day.totalCreditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))
         if day.services.isEmpty {
-            return ("\(dayLabel): \(total)", nil)
+            return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@"), dayLabel, total), nil)
         }
         if day.services.count <= 1, let first = day.services.first {
             let used = first.creditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2)))
-            return ("\(dayLabel): \(used)", first.service)
+            return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@"), dayLabel, used), first.service)
         }
 
         let services = day.services
@@ -390,6 +393,6 @@ struct UsageBreakdownChartMenuView: View {
             .map { "\($0.service) \($0.creditsUsed.formatted(.number.precision(.fractionLength(0...2))))" }
             .joined(separator: " · ")
 
-        return ("\(dayLabel): \(total)", services)
+        return (String(format: L("%1$@: %2$@"), dayLabel, total), services)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsagePaceText.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsagePaceText.swift
index f24f1d029..53b7fbf6f 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/UsagePaceText.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/UsagePaceText.swift
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ enum UsagePaceText {
     static func weeklySummary(pace: UsagePace, now: Date = .init()) -> String {
         let detail = self.weeklyDetail(pace: pace, now: now)
         if let rightLabel = detail.rightLabel {
-            return "Pace: \(detail.leftLabel) · \(rightLabel)"
+            return String(format: L("Pace: %@ · %@"), detail.leftLabel, rightLabel)
         }
-        return "Pace: \(detail.leftLabel)"
+        return String(format: L("Pace: %@"), detail.leftLabel)
     }
 
     static func weeklyDetail(pace: UsagePace, now: Date = .init()) -> WeeklyDetail {
@@ -29,38 +29,38 @@ enum UsagePaceText {
         let deltaValue = Int(abs(pace.deltaPercent).rounded())
         switch pace.stage {
         case .onTrack:
-            return "On pace"
+            return L("On pace")
         case .slightlyAhead, .ahead, .farAhead:
-            return "\(deltaValue)% in deficit"
+            return String(format: L("%d%% in deficit"), deltaValue)
         case .slightlyBehind, .behind, .farBehind:
-            return "\(deltaValue)% in reserve"
+            return String(format: L("%d%% in reserve"), deltaValue)
         }
     }
 
     private static func detailRightLabel(for pace: UsagePace, now: Date) -> String? {
         let etaLabel: String?
         if pace.willLastToReset {
-            etaLabel = "Lasts until reset"
+            etaLabel = L("Lasts until reset")
         } else if let etaSeconds = pace.etaSeconds {
             let etaText = Self.durationText(seconds: etaSeconds, now: now)
-            etaLabel = etaText == "now" ? "Runs out now" : "Runs out in \(etaText)"
+            etaLabel = etaText == L("now") ? L("Runs out now") : String(format: L("Runs out in %@"), etaText)
         } else {
             etaLabel = nil
         }
 
         guard let runOutProbability = pace.runOutProbability else { return etaLabel }
         let roundedRisk = self.roundedRiskPercent(runOutProbability)
-        let riskLabel = "≈ \(roundedRisk)% run-out risk"
+        let riskLabel = String(format: L("≈ %d%% run-out risk"), roundedRisk)
         if let etaLabel {
-            return "\(etaLabel) · \(riskLabel)"
+            return String(format: L("%@ · %@"), etaLabel, riskLabel)
         }
         return riskLabel
     }
 
     private static func durationText(seconds: TimeInterval, now: Date) -> String {
         let date = now.addingTimeInterval(seconds)
-        let countdown = UsageFormatter.resetCountdownDescription(from: date, now: now)
-        if countdown == "now" { return "now" }
+        let countdown = LocalizedUsageText.resetCountdownDescription(from: date, now: now)
+        if countdown == L("now") { return L("now") }
         if countdown.hasPrefix("in ") { return String(countdown.dropFirst(3)) }
         return countdown
     }
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ enum UsagePaceText {
     static func sessionSummary(provider: UsageProvider, window: RateWindow, now: Date = .init()) -> String? {
         guard let detail = sessionDetail(provider: provider, window: window, now: now) else { return nil }
         if let rightLabel = detail.rightLabel {
-            return "Pace: \(detail.leftLabel) · \(rightLabel)"
+            return String(format: L("Pace: %@ · %@"), detail.leftLabel, rightLabel)
         }
-        return "Pace: \(detail.leftLabel)"
+        return String(format: L("Pace: %@"), detail.leftLabel)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageProgressBar.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageProgressBar.swift
index fbb344e32..a2b379bcf 100644
--- a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageProgressBar.swift
+++ b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageProgressBar.swift
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ struct UsageProgressBar: View {
         }
         .frame(height: 6)
         .accessibilityLabel(self.accessibilityLabel)
-        .accessibilityValue("\(Int(self.clamped)) percent")
+        .accessibilityValue(String(format: L("%@ percent"), "\(Int(self.clamped))"))
     }
 
     private static func paceStripePaths(size: CGSize, scale: CGFloat) -> (punched: Path, center: Path) {
diff --git a/Tests/CodexBarTests/LocalizationBundleTests.swift b/Tests/CodexBarTests/LocalizationBundleTests.swift
index ed15b66ab..81342d895 100644
--- a/Tests/CodexBarTests/LocalizationBundleTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/CodexBarTests/LocalizationBundleTests.swift
@@ -24,6 +24,25 @@ struct LocalizationBundleTests {
         #expect(bundle.bundleURL == fixture.appBundle.bundleURL)
     }
 
+    @Test
+    func `bundled localization files do not contain empty values`() throws {
+        let bundle = codexBarLocalizationResourceBundle()
+        let lprojURLs = try FileManager.default.contentsOfDirectory(
+            at: bundle.bundleURL,
+            includingPropertiesForKeys: nil)
+            .filter { $0.pathExtension == "lproj" }
+
+        for lprojURL in lprojURLs {
+            let stringsURL = lprojURL.appendingPathComponent("Localizable.strings")
+            let data = try Data(contentsOf: stringsURL)
+            let plist = try PropertyListSerialization.propertyList(from: data, options: [], format: nil)
+            let strings = try #require(plist as? [String: String])
+            let emptyKeys = strings.keys.filter { strings[$0]?.isEmpty == true }
+
+            #expect(emptyKeys.isEmpty)
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     func `packaged app resolves raw copied localization resources from main bundle`() throws {
         let fixture = try Self.makeAppBundleFixture(
diff --git a/Tests/CodexBarTests/MenuCardSubtitleTests.swift b/Tests/CodexBarTests/MenuCardSubtitleTests.swift
index 8407c1c10..94c19f9bf 100644
--- a/Tests/CodexBarTests/MenuCardSubtitleTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/CodexBarTests/MenuCardSubtitleTests.swift
@@ -44,6 +44,6 @@ struct MenuCardSubtitleTests {
             hidePersonalInfo: false,
             now: now))
 
-        #expect(model.subtitleText == UsageFormatter.updatedString(from: updatedAt, now: now))
+        #expect(model.subtitleText == LocalizedUsageText.updatedString(from: updatedAt, now: now))
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tests/CodexBarTests/ProviderSettingsDescriptorTests.swift b/Tests/CodexBarTests/ProviderSettingsDescriptorTests.swift
index 514bde3df..ebbc45f24 100644
--- a/Tests/CodexBarTests/ProviderSettingsDescriptorTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/CodexBarTests/ProviderSettingsDescriptorTests.swift
@@ -406,6 +406,6 @@ struct ProviderSettingsDescriptorTests {
             .presentation(context: context)
             .detailLine(context)
 
-        #expect(detailLine == store.sourceLabel(for: .alibaba))
+        #expect(detailLine == LocalizedProviderText.sourceLabel(store.sourceLabel(for: .alibaba)))
     }
 }
diff --git a/Tests/CodexBarTests/StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests.swift b/Tests/CodexBarTests/StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests.swift
index b6c722563..5d1a32918 100644
--- a/Tests/CodexBarTests/StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/CodexBarTests/StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests.swift
@@ -76,11 +76,13 @@ struct StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests {
         let suite = "StatusMenuSwitcherRefreshTests-\(UUID().uuidString)"
         let defaults = UserDefaults(suiteName: suite)!
         defaults.removePersistentDomain(forName: suite)
-        return SettingsStore(
+        let settings = SettingsStore(
             userDefaults: defaults,
             configStore: testConfigStore(suiteName: suite),
             zaiTokenStore: NoopZaiTokenStore(),
             syntheticTokenStore: NoopSyntheticTokenStore())
+        settings.providerDetectionCompleted = true
+        return settings
     }
 
     private static func enableCodexAndClaude(_ settings: SettingsStore) {