diff --git a/rules-tests/Naming/Rector/ClassMethod/RenameParamToMatchTypeRector/Fixture/with_use_after_anonymous_class.php.inc b/rules-tests/Naming/Rector/ClassMethod/RenameParamToMatchTypeRector/Fixture/with_use_after_anonymous_class.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dc2914d3f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/Naming/Rector/ClassMethod/RenameParamToMatchTypeRector/Fixture/with_use_after_anonymous_class.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\Tests\Naming\Rector\ClassMethod\RenameParamToMatchTypeRector\Fixture;
+
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt\ClassLike;
+
+class WithUseAfterAnonymousClass
+{
+	public function collectDependencies(ClassLike $node): array
+    {
+        $nodeTraverser = new NodeTraverser();
+        $visitor       = new class extends NodeVisitorAbstract {
+            public array $names = [];
+
+            public function enterNode(Node $node): null
+            {
+                if ($node instanceof FullyQualified) {
+                    $this->names[] = implode('\\', $node->getParts());
+                }
+
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+
+        $nodeTraverser->addVisitor($visitor);
+        $nodeTraverser->traverse([$node]);
+    }
+}
+
+?>
+-----
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\Tests\Naming\Rector\ClassMethod\RenameParamToMatchTypeRector\Fixture;
+
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt\ClassLike;
+
+class WithUseAfterAnonymousClass
+{
+	public function collectDependencies(ClassLike $classLike): array
+    {
+        $nodeTraverser = new NodeTraverser();
+        $visitor       = new class extends NodeVisitorAbstract {
+            public array $names = [];
+
+            public function enterNode(Node $node): null
+            {
+                if ($node instanceof FullyQualified) {
+                    $this->names[] = implode('\\', $node->getParts());
+                }
+
+                return null;
+            }
+        };
+
+        $nodeTraverser->addVisitor($visitor);
+        $nodeTraverser->traverse([$classLike]);
+    }
+}
+
+?>
diff --git a/rules/Naming/VariableRenamer.php b/rules/Naming/VariableRenamer.php
index f005b2ec036..18c97291cb7 100644
--- a/rules/Naming/VariableRenamer.php
+++ b/rules/Naming/VariableRenamer.php
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 use PhpParser\Node\FunctionLike;
 use PhpParser\Node\Param;
 use PhpParser\Node\Stmt;
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt\Class_;
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt\Function_;
 use PhpParser\NodeVisitor;
 use PHPStan\Analyser\MutatingScope;
 use Rector\BetterPhpDocParser\PhpDocInfo\PhpDocInfo;
@@ -56,6 +58,10 @@ function (Node $node) use (
                 &$currentStmt,
                 &$currentFunctionLike
             ): int|null|Variable {
+                if ($node instanceof Class_ || $node instanceof Function_) {
+                    return NodeVisitor::DONT_TRAVERSE_CURRENT_AND_CHILDREN;
+                }
+
                 // skip param names
                 if ($node instanceof Param) {
                     return NodeVisitor::DONT_TRAVERSE_CURRENT_AND_CHILDREN;