diff --git a/src/Type/IntersectionType.php b/src/Type/IntersectionType.php
index de09752cac..b65b75b274 100644
--- a/src/Type/IntersectionType.php
+++ b/src/Type/IntersectionType.php
@@ -1196,7 +1196,13 @@ public function shiftArray(): Type
 
 	public function shuffleArray(): Type
 	{
-		return $this->intersectTypes(static fn (Type $type): Type => $type->shuffleArray());
+		$isList = $this->isList()->yes();
+		return $this->intersectTypes(static function (Type $type) use ($isList): Type {
+			if ($isList && $type instanceof TemplateType) {
+				return $type;
+			}
+			return $type->shuffleArray();
+		});
 	}
 
 	public function sliceArray(Type $offsetType, Type $lengthType, TrinaryLogic $preserveKeys): Type
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14631.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14631.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6034061bde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14631.php
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Bug14631;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+class Foo
+{
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&list<int> $items
+	 * @return T&list<int>
+	 */
+	public function sortList(array $items): array
+	{
+		assertType('list<int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortList(), argument)', $items);
+		usort($items, function (int $a, int $b) {
+			return $a <=> $b;
+		});
+
+		assertType('list<int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortList(), argument)', $items);
+
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function sortArray(array $items): array
+	{
+		assertType('array<string, int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortArray(), argument)', $items);
+		usort($items, function (int $a, int $b) {
+			return $a <=> $b;
+		});
+
+		// T should be dropped because keys changed from string to int
+		assertType('list<int>', $items);
+
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&list<int> $items
+	 * @return T&list<int>
+	 */
+	public function sortListSort(array $items): array
+	{
+		sort($items);
+		assertType('list<int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortListSort(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&list<int> $items
+	 * @return T&list<int>
+	 */
+	public function sortListRsort(array $items): array
+	{
+		rsort($items);
+		assertType('list<int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortListRsort(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&list<int> $items
+	 * @return T&list<int>
+	 */
+	public function sortListShuffle(array $items): array
+	{
+		shuffle($items);
+		assertType('list<int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::sortListShuffle(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function sortArraySort(array $items): array
+	{
+		sort($items);
+		// T dropped: keys changed from string to int
+		assertType('list<int>', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function sortArrayRsort(array $items): array
+	{
+		rsort($items);
+		// T dropped: keys changed from string to int
+		assertType('list<int>', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function shuffleArray(array $items): array
+	{
+		shuffle($items);
+		// T dropped: keys changed from string to int
+		assertType('list<int>', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&list<int> $items
+	 * @return T&list<int>
+	 */
+	public function uasortList(array $items): array
+	{
+		uasort($items, function (int $a, int $b) {
+			return $a <=> $b;
+		});
+
+		// T preserved, list-ness dropped (key-preserving sort may reorder)
+		assertType('array<int<0, max>, int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::uasortList(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function uasortArray(array $items): array
+	{
+		uasort($items, function (int $a, int $b) {
+			return $a <=> $b;
+		});
+
+		// T preserved: key-preserving sort doesn't change keys
+		assertType('array<string, int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::uasortArray(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function asortArray(array $items): array
+	{
+		asort($items);
+		// T preserved: key-preserving sort
+		assertType('array<string, int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::asortArray(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @template T
+	 * @param T&array<string, int> $items
+	 * @return T&array<string, int>
+	 */
+	public function ksortArray(array $items): array
+	{
+		ksort($items);
+		// T preserved: key-preserving sort
+		assertType('array<string, int>&T (method Bug14631\Foo::ksortArray(), argument)', $items);
+		return $items;
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/sort.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/sort.php
index 02879e3cd7..47f9b3f030 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/sort.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/sort.php
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public function doFoo(array $array)
 			return $a['a'] <=> $b['a'];
 		});
 
-		assertType('list<array{a: bool|float|int|string, b: true}>', $array);
+		assertType('list<array{a: bool|float|int|string, b: true}>&T (method Sort\Bar::doFoo(), argument)', $array);
 
 		return $array;
 	}