From 9bfb31b16b6caa83c9bd0a4fb6e1de9797872d5d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Raphael Gebhart <raphael.gebhart@dlr.de>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 13:55:02 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] isentropicExponent assert

---
 Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo b/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
index 62341100f2..4862687a5e 100644
--- a/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
+++ b/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
@@ -877,7 +877,10 @@ Derivative function for <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Media.Air.MoistAir.h_pTX\"
 
   redeclare function extends isentropicExponent
     "Return isentropic exponent (only for gas fraction!)"
+  protected
+    MassFraction Xsat = Xsaturation(state) "Water mass fraction at saturation";
   algorithm
+    assert(state.X[Water] < 0.999*Xsat, "MoistAir.isentropicExponent() is invalid for saturated or supersaturated air; may yield grossly incorrect values (kappa = 3 instead of kappa = 1.4)", level = AssertionLevel.warning);
     gamma := specificHeatCapacityCp(state)/specificHeatCapacityCv(state);
   end isentropicExponent;
 

From 69d1c26db65c65ae02fd60b6e4407457c709bdf2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Raphael Gebhart <raphael.gebhart@dlr.de>
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2026 13:56:30 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] specificEntropy assert

---
 Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo | 4 +++-
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo b/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
index 4862687a5e..f5820e5dee 100644
--- a/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
+++ b/Modelica/Media/Air/MoistAir.mo
@@ -1053,8 +1053,10 @@ Derivative function for <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Media.Air.MoistAir.specifi
 
   redeclare function extends specificEntropy
     "Return specific entropy from thermodynamic state record, only valid for phi<1"
-
+  protected
+    MassFraction Xsat = Xsaturation(state) "Water mass fraction at saturation";
   algorithm
+    assert(state.X[Water] <= Xsat, "MoistAir.specificEntropy() is formally defined for unsaturated air; in supersaturated states results remain continuous but may exhibit deviations", level = AssertionLevel.warning);
     s := s_pTX(
           state.p,
           state.T,