From 2c9bc271f51309c925581d4581277075fe9a21df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "google-labs-jules[bot]"
 <161369871+google-labs-jules[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 26 Mar 2026 05:19:26 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Change scanner and cleaner actors to structs to fix parallel
 I/O bottleneck

By using an `actor` to manage a `withTaskGroup` where tasks invoke synchronous, blocking I/O (like `FileManager` operations) directly on the actor inadvertently serializes the tasks, preventing parallelism.
Changing `CacheScanner`, `NodeModulesScanner`, and `CacheCleaner` to `struct` allows these I/O operations to run concurrently across threads.

Co-authored-by: acebytes <2820910+acebytes@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .jules/bolt.md                                    | 3 +++
 Sources/Cacheout/Cleaner/CacheCleaner.swift       | 2 +-
 Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/CacheScanner.swift       | 2 +-
 Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/NodeModulesScanner.swift | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .jules/bolt.md

diff --git a/.jules/bolt.md b/.jules/bolt.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3eb1b76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.jules/bolt.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## 2024-05-28 - Avoid actor for parallel synchronous I/O
+**Learning:** Using an `actor` to manage a `withTaskGroup` where tasks invoke synchronous, blocking I/O (like `FileManager` operations) directly on the actor inadvertently serializes the tasks, preventing parallelism.
+**Action:** For stateless components interacting with thread-safe dependencies (like `FileManager`), use `struct`s or `nonisolated` methods to allow tasks to execute concurrently across threads.
diff --git a/Sources/Cacheout/Cleaner/CacheCleaner.swift b/Sources/Cacheout/Cleaner/CacheCleaner.swift
index 1d0e272..23c91f8 100644
--- a/Sources/Cacheout/Cleaner/CacheCleaner.swift
+++ b/Sources/Cacheout/Cleaner/CacheCleaner.swift
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 import Foundation
 import AppKit
 
-actor CacheCleaner {
+struct CacheCleaner {
     private let fileManager = FileManager.default
 
     func clean(results: [ScanResult], nodeModules: [NodeModulesItem] = [], moveToTrash: Bool) async -> CleanupReport {
diff --git a/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/CacheScanner.swift b/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/CacheScanner.swift
index 3ce3e9c..da31cbc 100644
--- a/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/CacheScanner.swift
+++ b/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/CacheScanner.swift
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 import Foundation
 
-actor CacheScanner {
+struct CacheScanner {
     private let fileManager = FileManager.default
 
     func scanAll(_ categories: [CacheCategory]) async -> [ScanResult] {
diff --git a/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/NodeModulesScanner.swift b/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/NodeModulesScanner.swift
index 3ed4d8c..ea00d41 100644
--- a/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/NodeModulesScanner.swift
+++ b/Sources/Cacheout/Scanner/NodeModulesScanner.swift
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 import Foundation
 
-actor NodeModulesScanner {
+struct NodeModulesScanner {
     private let fileManager = FileManager.default
 
     /// Common directories where developers keep projects