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One-liners

Run the previous command with sudo

[sudo](/man/sudo) !!

Spin up a local HTTP server

[python3](/man/python3) -m http.server 8000

Play ASCII Star Wars

[telnet](/man/telnet) towel.blinkenlights.nl

Play a video in terminal

[mplayer](/man/mplayer) -vo caca video.mp4

Display system information beautifully

[screenfetch](/man/screenfetch) or [neofetch](/man/neofetch)

Display fortune and cow

[fortune](/man/fortune) | [cowsay](/man/cowsay)

Simulate slow typing

echo "text" | [pv](/man/pv) -qL 10

Matrix digital rain

[cmatrix](/man/cmatrix)

Create 100 numbered directories

[mkdir](/man/mkdir) project{01..100}

Change to the previous directory

[cd](/man/cd) -

Quickly backup a file

[cp](/man/cp) file{,.bak}

Fix typo in the previous command

^wrong^correct^

Get your public IP address

[curl](/man/curl) ifconfig.me

Repeat the last command

!!

Edit current command line in your editor

Ctrl+X Ctrl+E

Pretty-print JSON from stdin

[jq](/man/jq) .

Find largest files/directories in current directory

[du](/man/du) -h . | [sort](/man/sort) -hr | head -20

Show disk usage in human-readable format

[df](/man/df) -h

Show directory sizes sorted

[du](/man/du) -sh * | [sort](/man/sort) -hr

Create a tar.gz backup

[tar](/man/tar) czf backup.tar.gz directory/

Extract a tar.gz archive

[tar](/man/tar) xzf archive.tar.gz

Watch command output refresh every 2 seconds

[watch](/man/watch) command

Kill process by name

[pkill](/man/pkill) process_name

View processes sorted by CPU

[top](/man/top)

List open network ports

[ss](/man/ss) -tuln

Generate random password

< /dev/urandom [tr](/man/tr) -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 32; echo

Search command history interactively

Ctrl+R

Count lines in a file

[wc](/man/wc) -l file.txt

Remove duplicate lines

[sort](/man/sort) file | [uniq](/man/uniq)

Find files by name

[find](/man/find) . -name "*.log"

Find files larger than 100MB

[find](/man/find) . -type f -size +100M

Copy with progress bar

[rsync](/man/rsync) -ah --progress src dest

Download file with resume

[wget](/man/wget) -c url

Mount remote directory over SSH

[sshfs](/man/sshfs) user@host:/remote /local

Check if command exists

command -v cmd >/dev/null && echo yes

List files by modification time

[ls](/man/ls) -lt

Grep recursively ignoring case

[grep](/man/grep) -ir "text" .

Empty/truncate a file

> file.txt

Create directory and cd into it

[mkdir](/man/mkdir) dir && [cd](/man/cd) dir

Compress with bzip2

[tar](/man/tar) cjf archive.tar.bz2 dir/

Show weather in terminal

[curl](/man/curl) wttr.in

Get full weather report

[curl](/man/curl) v2.wttr.in

Pretty-print XML

[xmllint](/man/xmllint) --format file.xml

Convert image to different format

[convert](/man/convert) input.jpg output.png

Create animated GIF from images

[convert](/man/convert) -delay 10 -loop 0 *.png animation.gif

Run the train animation

[sl](/man/sl)

Display system info with ASCII art

[neofetch](/man/neofetch)

Monitor file changes

[tail](/man/tail) -f logfile

Search and replace in files

[sed](/man/sed) -i 's/old/new/g' *.txt

Show only directories

[ls](/man/ls) -d */

Tree view of directory

[tree](/man/tree)

Pipe output to clipboard

command | [xclip](/man/xclip) -sel clip

Create symlink

[ln](/man/ln) -s target link

Show current git branch

[git](/man/git) branch --show-current

Delete files older than 30 days

[find](/man/find) . -mtime +30 -delete

Find and delete empty directories

[find](/man/find) . -type d -empty -delete

Show calendar

[cal](/man/cal)

Show colorful calendar

[cal](/man/cal) -3

Generate QR code

[qrencode](/man/qrencode) -t ANSI "text"

Record terminal session

[script](/man/script) session.log

Replay terminal session

[scriptreplay](/man/scriptreplay) -t timing.log session.log

Check battery percentage

[upower](/man/upower) -i $(upower -e | grep BAT) | grep percentage

Monitor CPU temperature

[sensors](/man/sensors)

List cron jobs

[crontab](/man/crontab) -l

Encrypt file with gpg

[gpg](/man/gpg) -c file

Create RAM disk

[mount](/man/mount) -t tmpfs -o size=1G tmpfs /mnt/ram

Run command in background

command &

Run detached from terminal

[nohup](/man/nohup) command &

Split large file

[split](/man/split) -b 1G largefile part-

Reassemble split files

[cat](/man/cat) part-* > largefile

Check file checksum

[sha256sum](/man/sha256sum) file

Download YouTube video

[yt-dlp](/man/yt-dlp) url

Play YouTube video in terminal

[mpv](/man/mpv) url

Show file with line numbers

[nl](/man/nl) file.txt

Convert DOS to Unix line endings

[dos2unix](/man/dos2unix) file

Reload shell configuration

source ~/.bashrc

Check system uptime

[uptime](/man/uptime)

Progress bar for any command

command | [pv](/man/pv) -s $(du -b input | cut -f1)

View PDF in terminal

[pdftotext](/man/pdftotext) file.pdf - | [less](/man/less)

Burn ISO to USB

[dd](/man/dd) if=iso.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress

Securely wipe drive

[dd](/man/dd) if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/sdX

List hardware info

[lshw](/man/lshw) -short

Disk speed test

[dd](/man/dd) if=/dev/zero of=test bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync

Play beep

echo -e "\a"

Show current timezone

[timedatectl](/man/timedatectl)

Fireworks animation

for i in {1..50}; do echo -e "\e[${((RANDOM%7+31))}m✨\e[0m"; sleep 0.1; done

Rainbow text

echo "text" | [lolcat](/man/lolcat)

Display clock in terminal

[watch](/man/watch) -n 1 date

Count files in directory

[ls](/man/ls) | [wc](/man/wc) -l

Find broken symlinks

[find](/man/find) . -type l -! -exec test -e {} \; -print

Quick HTTP server in Ruby

[ruby](/man/ruby) -run -e httpd . -p 8000

Quick HTTP server in PHP

[php](/man/php) -S localhost:8000

Quick HTTP server in Node.js

[npx](/man/npx) http-server

Alias to repeat last command

alias r='fc -s'

Show most used commands

history | awk '{print $2}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head

Extract any archive

a() { case $1 in *.tar.gz) tar xzf $1;; *.zip) unzip $1;; esac; }; a file

Create sparse 10GB file

[truncate](/man/truncate) -s 10G file.img

Merge multiple PDFs

[gs](/man/gs) -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=out.pdf in1.pdf in2.pdf

Convert video to GIF

[ffmpeg](/man/ffmpeg) -i input.mp4 output.gif

Batch rename files

for f in *.txt; do mv "$f" "${f%.txt}.bak"; done

Show git status nicely

[git](/man/git) status -sb

One-liner web server in bash

while true; do echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n$(date)" | nc -l 8080; done