feature_fee_estimation.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright (c) 2014-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
"""Test fee estimation code."""
from copy import deepcopy
from decimal import Decimal
import random

from test_framework.messages import (
    COIN,
)
from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
from test_framework.util import (
    assert_equal,
    assert_greater_than,
    assert_greater_than_or_equal,
    assert_raises_rpc_error,
    satoshi_round,
)
from test_framework.wallet import MiniWallet


def small_txpuzzle_randfee(
    wallet, from_node, conflist, unconflist, amount, min_fee, fee_increment
):
    """Create and send a transaction with a random fee using MiniWallet.

    The function takes a list of confirmed outputs and unconfirmed outputs
    and attempts to use the confirmed list first for its inputs.
    It adds the newly created outputs to the unconfirmed list.
    Returns (raw transaction, fee)."""

    # It's best to exponentially distribute our random fees
    # because the buckets are exponentially spaced.
    # Exponentially distributed from 1-128 * fee_increment
    rand_fee = float(fee_increment) * (1.1892 ** random.randint(0, 28))
    # Total fee ranges from min_fee to min_fee + 127*fee_increment
    fee = min_fee - fee_increment + satoshi_round(rand_fee)
    utxos_to_spend = []
    total_in = Decimal("0.00000000")
    while total_in <= (amount + fee) and len(conflist) > 0:
        t = conflist.pop(0)
        total_in += t["value"]
        utxos_to_spend.append(t)
    while total_in <= (amount + fee) and len(unconflist) > 0:
        t = unconflist.pop(0)
        total_in += t["value"]
        utxos_to_spend.append(t)
    if total_in <= amount + fee:
        raise RuntimeError(f"Insufficient funds: need {amount + fee}, have {total_in}")
    tx = wallet.create_self_transfer_multi(
        utxos_to_spend=utxos_to_spend,
        fee_per_output=0)["tx"]
    tx.vout[0].nValue = int((total_in - amount - fee) * COIN)
    tx.vout.append(deepcopy(tx.vout[0]))
    tx.vout[1].nValue = int(amount * COIN)

    txid = from_node.sendrawtransaction(hexstring=tx.serialize().hex(), maxfeerate=0)
    unconflist.append({"txid": txid, "vout": 0, "value": total_in - amount - fee})
    unconflist.append({"txid": txid, "vout": 1, "value": amount})

    return (tx.serialize().hex(), fee)


def check_raw_estimates(node, fees_seen):
    """Call estimaterawfee and verify that the estimates meet certain invariants."""

    delta = 1.0e-6  # account for rounding error
    for i in range(1, 26):
        for _, e in node.estimaterawfee(i).items():
            feerate = float(e["feerate"])
            assert_greater_than(feerate, 0)

            if feerate + delta < min(fees_seen) or feerate - delta > max(fees_seen):
                raise AssertionError(
                    f"Estimated fee ({feerate}) out of range ({min(fees_seen)},{max(fees_seen)})"
                )



def check_smart_estimates(node, fees_seen):
    """Call estimatesmartfee and verify that the estimates meet certain invariants."""

    delta = 1.0e-6  # account for rounding error
    last_feerate = float(max(fees_seen))
    all_smart_estimates = [node.estimatesmartfee(i) for i in range(1, 26)]
    mempoolMinFee = node.getmempoolinfo()["mempoolminfee"]
    minRelaytxFee = node.getmempoolinfo()["minrelaytxfee"]
    for i, e in enumerate(all_smart_estimates):  # estimate is for i+1
        feerate = float(e["feerate"])
        assert_greater_than(feerate, 0)
        assert_greater_than_or_equal(feerate, float(mempoolMinFee))
        assert_greater_than_or_equal(feerate, float(minRelaytxFee))

        if feerate + delta < min(fees_seen) or feerate - delta > max(fees_seen):
            raise AssertionError(
                f"Estimated fee ({feerate}) out of range ({min(fees_seen)},{max(fees_seen)})"
            )
        if feerate - delta > last_feerate:
            raise AssertionError(
                f"Estimated fee ({feerate}) larger than last fee ({last_feerate}) for lower number of confirms"
            )
        last_feerate = feerate

        if i == 0:
            assert_equal(e["blocks"], 2)
        else:
            assert_greater_than_or_equal(i + 1, e["blocks"])


def check_estimates(node, fees_seen):
    check_raw_estimates(node, fees_seen)
    check_smart_estimates(node, fees_seen)

class EstimateFeeTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def set_test_params(self):
        self.num_nodes = 3
        # Force fSendTrickle to true (via whitelist)
        self.extra_args = [
            ["-whitelist=noban@127.0.0.1"],
            ["-whitelist=noban@127.0.0.1", "-blockmaxsize=17000"],
            ["-whitelist=noban@127.0.0.1", "-blockmaxsize=8000"]
        ]

    def setup_network(self):
        """
        We'll setup the network to have 3 nodes that all mine with different parameters.
        But first we need to use one node to create a lot of outputs
        which we will use to generate our transactions.
        """
        self.add_nodes(3, extra_args=self.extra_args)
        # Use node0 to mine blocks for input splitting
        # Node1 mines small blocks but that are bigger than the expected transaction rate.
        # NOTE: the CreateNewBlock code starts counting block size at 1,000 bytes,
        # (17k is room enough for 110 or so transactions)
        # Node2 is a stingy miner, that
        # produces too small blocks (room for only 55 or so transactions)

    def transact_and_mine(self, numblocks, mining_node):
        min_fee = Decimal("0.0001")
        # We will now mine numblocks blocks generating on average 100 transactions between each block
        # We shuffle our confirmed txout set before each set of transactions
        # small_txpuzzle_randfee will use the transactions that have inputs already in the chain when possible
        # resorting to tx's that depend on the mempool when those run out
        for _ in range(numblocks):
            random.shuffle(self.confutxo)
            for _ in range(random.randrange(100 - 50, 100 + 50)):
                from_index = random.randint(1, 2)
                (txhex, fee) = small_txpuzzle_randfee(
                    self.wallet,
                    self.nodes[from_index],
                    self.confutxo,
                    self.memutxo,
                    Decimal("0.005"),
                    min_fee,
                    min_fee,
                )
                tx_kbytes = (len(txhex) // 2) / 1000.0
                self.fees_per_kb.append(float(fee) / tx_kbytes)
            self.sync_mempools(wait=0.1)
            mined = mining_node.getblock(self.generate(mining_node, 1)[0], True)["tx"]
            # update which txouts are confirmed
            newmem = []
            for utx in self.memutxo:
                if utx["txid"] in mined:
                    self.confutxo.append(utx)
                else:
                    newmem.append(utx)
            self.memutxo = newmem

    def initial_split(self, node):
        """Split two coinbase UTxOs into many small coins"""
        self.confutxo = self.wallet.send_self_transfer_multi(
            from_node=node,
            utxos_to_spend=[self.wallet.get_utxo() for _ in range(2)],
            num_outputs=2048)['new_utxos']
        while len(node.getrawmempool()) > 0:
            self.generate(node, 1, sync_fun=self.no_op)

    def sanity_check_estimates_range(self):
        """Populate estimation buckets, assert estimates are in a sane range and
        are strictly increasing as the target decreases."""
        self.fees_per_kb = []
        self.memutxo = []
        self.log.info("Will output estimates for 1/2/3/6/15/25 blocks")

        for _ in range(2):
            self.log.info(
                "Creating transactions and mining them with a block size that can't keep up"
            )
            # Create transactions and mine 10 small blocks with node 2, but create txs faster than we can mine
            self.transact_and_mine(10, self.nodes[2])
            check_estimates(self.nodes[1], self.fees_per_kb)

            self.log.info(
                "Creating transactions and mining them at a block size that is just big enough"
            )
            # Generate transactions while mining 10 more blocks, this time with node1
            # which mines blocks with capacity just above the rate that transactions are being created
            self.transact_and_mine(10, self.nodes[1])
            check_estimates(self.nodes[1], self.fees_per_kb)

        # Finish by mining a normal-sized block:
        while len(self.nodes[1].getrawmempool()) > 0:
            self.generate(self.nodes[1], 1)

        self.log.info("Final estimates after emptying mempools")
        check_estimates(self.nodes[1], self.fees_per_kb)

    def test_feerate_mempoolminfee(self):
        high_val = 3 * self.nodes[1].estimatesmartfee(1)["feerate"]
        self.restart_node(1, extra_args=[f"-minrelaytxfee={high_val}"])
        check_estimates(self.nodes[1], self.fees_per_kb)
        self.stop_node(1)

    def run_test(self):
        self.log.info("This test is time consuming, please be patient")
        self.log.info("Splitting inputs so we can generate tx's")

        # Split two coinbases into many small utxos
        self.start_node(0)
        self.wallet = MiniWallet(self.nodes[0])
        self.wallet.rescan_utxos()
        self.initial_split(self.nodes[0])
        self.log.info("Finished splitting")

        # Now we can connect the other nodes, didn't want to connect them earlier
        # so the estimates would not be affected by the splitting transactions
        self.start_node(1)
        self.start_node(2)
        self.connect_nodes(1, 0)
        self.connect_nodes(0, 2)
        self.connect_nodes(2, 1)
        self.sync_all()

        self.log.info("Testing estimates with single transactions.")
        self.sanity_check_estimates_range()

        # check that the effective feerate is greater than or equal to the mempoolminfee even for high mempoolminfee
        self.log.info(
            "Test fee rate estimation after restarting node with high MempoolMinFee"
        )
        self.test_feerate_mempoolminfee()

        self.log.info("Testing that fee estimation is disabled in blocksonly.")
        self.restart_node(0, ["-blocksonly"])
        assert_raises_rpc_error(
            -32603, "Fee estimation disabled", self.nodes[0].estimatesmartfee, 2
        )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    EstimateFeeTest().main()